<!-- $XConsortium: ch06.sgm /main/10 1996/11/20 13:41:40 cdedoc $ -->
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<!-- (c) Copyright 1995 Hewlett-Packard Company. -->
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<Chapter Id="SAG.PrCnf.div.1">
<Title Id="SAG.PrCnf.mkr.1">Configuring and Administering Printing from the Desktop</Title>
<Para Id="SAG.PrCnf.mkr.2"><IndexTerm>
<Primary>printing</Primary>
<Secondary>administration</Secondary>
</IndexTerm>There are a variety of ways a desktop user can print files. They fall into two
major categories: printing from the desktop and printing from an application.</Para>
<Para>Ways to print from the desktop include:</Para>
<ItemizedList Remap="Bullet1">
<ListItem>
<Para>Selecting a file in File Manager and choosing Print from the Selected menu
or the icon's pop-up menu</Para>
</ListItem>
<ListItem>
<Para>Dragging a file from File Manager to the Front Panel Printer control or the
Personal Printers subpanel</Para>
</ListItem>
<ListItem>
<Para>Dragging a file from File Manager to a printer in the Print Manager main
window</Para>
<Para>To print from an application, use the Print command, usually accessed from
a menu or other control within the application's window.</Para>
<InformalTable Id="SAG.PrCnf.itbl.1" Frame="All">
<TGroup Cols="1">
<ColSpec Colname="1" Colwidth="4.0 in">
<TBody>
<Row Rowsep="1">
<Entry><Para><!--Original XRef content: 'Adding and Deleting Printers108'--><XRef Role="JumpText" Linkend="SAG.PrCnf.div.2"></Para></Entry>
</Row>
<Row Rowsep="1">
<Entry><Para><!--Original XRef content: 'Printer Icon Images109'--><XRef Role="JumpText" Linkend="SAG.PrCnf.div.6"></Para></Entry>
</Row>
<Row Rowsep="1">
<Entry><Para><!--Original XRef content: 'Configuring the Default Printer110'--><XRef Role="JumpText" Linkend="SAG.PrCnf.div.9"></Para></Entry>
</Row>
<Row Rowsep="1">
<Entry><Para><!--Original XRef content: 'Printing Concepts112'--><XRef Role="JumpText" Linkend="SAG.PrCnf.div.11"></Para></Entry>
</Row>
</TBody>
</TGroup>
</InformalTable>
</ListItem>
</ItemizedList>
<Sect1 Id="SAG.PrCnf.div.2">
<Title Id="SAG.PrCnf.mkr.3">Adding and Deleting Printers</Title>
<Para>This section contains the procedures for adding and deleting printers from the
desktop.</Para>
<Sect2 Id="SAG.PrCnf.div.3" Role="Procedure">
<Title>To Add a Printer to the Desktop<IndexTerm><Primary>printers</Primary><Secondary>adding</Secondary></IndexTerm></Title>
<OrderedList>
<ListItem>
<Para>Add a printer to your system's configuration.</Para>
<Para>Follow the instructions in the system administration documentation for
your operating system.</Para>
</ListItem>
<ListItem>
<Para>Run the command:</Para>
<programlisting>env LANG=<Replaceable Remap="Emphasis">language</Replaceable> /usr/dt/bin/dtprintinfo -populate
</Programlisting>
<para>Note that you must have super-user permission to run this command.
</para>
</ListItem>
<ListItem>
<Para>Restart Print Manager or double-click Reload Actions from the
Desktop_Tools application group in Application Manager. Verify that the
printer shows up.</Para>
</ListItem>
<ListItem>
<Para>Send mail to your users to let them know they should also restart Print
Manager or run Reload Actions.</Para>
</ListItem>
</OrderedList>
<Para>Each time it is invoked,<IndexTerm>
<Primary>Print Manager</Primary>
</IndexTerm>
Print Manager reads the system printers configuration
list. If it detects a new printer, it automatically creates a new desktop printer
action and icon for that printer. You don't need to do anything else to make the
printer appear on the desktop.</Para>
</Sect2>
<Sect2 Id="SAG.PrCnf.div.4" Role="Procedure">
<Title Id="SAG.PrCnf.mkr.4">To Delete a Printer from the Desktop<IndexTerm><Primary>printers</Primary><Secondary>deleting</Secondary></IndexTerm></Title>
<OrderedList>
<ListItem>
<Para>Remove the printer from your system's configuration.</Para>
<Para>Follow the instructions in the system administration documentation for
your operating system.</Para>
</ListItem>
<ListItem>
<Para>Restart Print Manager or double-click Reload Actions from the
Desktop_Tools application group in Application Manager. Verify that the
printer is gone.</Para>
</ListItem>
<ListItem>
<Para>Send mail to your users to let them know they should also restart Print
Manager or run Reload Actions.</Para>
</ListItem>
</OrderedList>
<Para>Each time it is invoked, Print Manager reads the system printers configuration
list. If it sees that a printer has been removed from the list, it automatically
removes that printer's action and icon from Print Manager and File Manager.
You don't need to do anything else to delete the printer from the desktop.</Para>
<Note>
<Para>Print Manager cannot remove printers from the Front Panel. Therefore,
whenever you remove a printer from your configuration, you should send mail
to all users on the system telling them to remove any icons of the deleted
printer from the Front Panel.</Para>
</Note>
</Sect2>
<Sect2 Id="SAG.PrCnf.div.5">
<Title>Modifying the Job Update Interval<IndexTerm><Primary>printers</Primary><Secondary>job update interval</Secondary></IndexTerm><IndexTerm><Primary>print jobs update interval</Primary></IndexTerm></Title>
<Para>To change how often the information displayed in<IndexTerm>
<Primary>Print Manager</Primary>
<Secondary>job update interval</Secondary>
</IndexTerm>
Print Manager is
updated, modify the job update interval. By default, Print Manager queries
printers every thirty seconds for information on their print jobs. You can
change how often Print Manager queries the printers by using the Update
Interval slider in the Set Options dialog box (displayed by choosing Set
Options from the View menu).</Para>
</Sect2>
</Sect1>
<Sect1 Id="SAG.PrCnf.div.6">
<Title Id="SAG.PrCnf.mkr.5">Printer Icon Images<IndexTerm><Primary>printers</Primary><Secondary>icon images</Secondary></IndexTerm><IndexTerm><Primary>icons</Primary><Secondary>printer images</Secondary></IndexTerm></Title>
<Para>When you add a printer, it is automatically assigned the default printer icon. If
you have another icon you want to make available for it, place the icon files in
<Filename>/etc/dt/appconfig/icons/</Filename><Symbol Role="Variable">language</Symbol>, or in some other directory along the
icon search path. Users can then select this icon to replace the default icon for
the printer.</Para>
<Para>You <Emphasis>must</Emphasis> create a complete set (large, medium, and tiny) of the icons or they
will not show up in the icon selector in Print Manager.</Para>
<Para>For more information about the icon search path, see
<!--Original XRef content: '&xd2;Icon Search Path&xd3; on
page&numsp;122'--><XRef Role="SecTitleAndPageNum" Linkend="SAG.Datab.div.20">.</Para>
<Sect2 Id="SAG.PrCnf.div.7">
<Title>Icon File Names and Sizes</Title>
<Para>Icon file-naming requirements are:</Para>
<ProgramListing><Symbol Role="Variable">base_name.size</Symbol>.<Symbol Role="Variable">type</Symbol></ProgramListing>
<Para>where:</Para>
<InformalTable>
<TGroup Cols="2" colsep="0" rowsep="0">
<colspec colwidth="56*">
<colspec colwidth="472*">
<TBody>
<Row>
<Entry><Para><Symbol Role="Variable">size</Symbol></Para></Entry>
<Entry><Para><Command>l</Command> (large), <Command>m</Command> (medium), <Command>t</Command> (tiny). For more information about icon sizes,
see
<!--Original XRef content: '&xd2;Icon Size Conventions&xd3; on page&numsp;203'--><XRef Role="SecTitleAndPageNum" Linkend="SAG.CrIcn.div.5">.</Para></Entry>
</Row>
<Row>
<Entry><Para><Symbol Role="Variable">type</Symbol></Para></Entry>
<Entry><Para><Command>pm</Command> (color pixmap), <Command>bm</Command> (bitmap).</Para></Entry>
</Row>
</TBody>
</TGroup>
</InformalTable>
<Para>For example, icon file names for medium and tiny pixmap icons for a color
printer might be <Filename>ColorPrinter.m.pm</Filename> and <Filename>ColorPrinter.t.pm</Filename>.</Para>
<Para>Refer to
<!--Original XRef content: 'Chapter&numsp;12, &xd2;Creating Icons for the Desktop'--><XRef Role="ChapNumAndTitle" Linkend="SAG.CrIcn.div.1"> for more information on
creating icons.</Para>
</Sect2>
<Sect2 Id="SAG.PrCnf.div.8" Role="Procedure">
<Title>To Globally Change the Icon, Printer Label, or Description of a Printer</Title>
<Para>You should change global printer properties as soon as you add the printer,
before users have modified it using Print Manager. Once a user has modified
the printer properties using Print Manager, they will not see the changes you
make.</Para>
<Para>Edit the file <ComputerOutput>/etc/dt/appconfig/types/</ComputerOutput><Symbol Role="Variable">language</Symbol><ComputerOutput>/</ComputerOutput><Symbol Role="Variable">printer_queue_name</Symbol><ComputerOutput>.dt</ComputerOutput>
with the desired information for the icon, printer label, or description:</Para>
<OrderedList>
<ListItem>
<Para>In the <Command>ICON</Command> field, update <Symbol Role="Variable">basename</Symbol> to the new icon base name.</Para>
</ListItem>
<ListItem>
<Para><IndexTerm>
<Primary>printers</Primary>
<Secondary>labels</Secondary>
</IndexTerm>In the <Command>LABEL</Command> field, update <Symbol Role="Variable">labelname</Symbol> to the new label for the printer.</Para>
</ListItem>
<ListItem>
<Para><IndexTerm>
<Primary>printers</Primary>
<Secondary>On Item help</Secondary>
</IndexTerm><IndexTerm>
<Primary>help</Primary>
<Secondary>on printer icons</Secondary>
</IndexTerm>Update the text in the <Command>DESCRIPTION</Command> field.</Para>
<Para>This is a good place to put the location of the printer, type of printer, and
printer contact. To add more than one line, put a <Filename>\</Filename> at the end of the line. For
example:</Para>
</ListItem>
</OrderedList>
<programlisting>DESCRIPTION    This is a PostScript Printer in Building 1\
               Room 123. Call 555-5555 for problems.</ProgramListing>
</Sect2>
</Sect1>
<Sect1 Id="SAG.PrCnf.div.9">
<Title Id="SAG.PrCnf.mkr.6">Configuring the Default Printer<IndexTerm><Primary>printers</Primary><Secondary>default</Secondary></IndexTerm></Title>
<Para>The default printer is accessed when the user:</Para>
<ItemizedList Remap="Bullet1">
<ListItem>
<Para>Drops an object on the Front Panel Printer control</Para>
</ListItem>
<ListItem>
<Para>Selects an object in File Manager and chooses Print from the Selected menu
or the icon's pop-up menu</Para>
</ListItem>
<ListItem>
<Para>Prints from applications that use the default printer</Para>
</ListItem>
</ItemizedList>
<Sect2 Id="SAG.PrCnf.div.10" Role="Procedure">
<Title>To Change the Destination for Default Printing<IndexTerm><Primary>printing</Primary><Secondary>default destination</Secondary></IndexTerm></Title>
<Para>To change the default printer for all users:</Para>
<OrderedList>
<ListItem>
<Para>Open the file <ComputerOutput>/etc/dt/config/Xsession.d/0010.dtpaths</ComputerOutput>.</Para>
<Para>If <ComputerOutput>/etc/dt/config/Xsession.d/0010.dtpaths</ComputerOutput> does not exist, copy it
from <ComputerOutput>/usr/dt/config/Xsession.</ComputerOutput><Filename>d/0010.dtpaths</Filename></Para>
</ListItem>
<ListItem>
<Para>In the <ComputerOutput>LPDEST=</ComputerOutput><Symbol Role="Variable">printer</Symbol> line,
update <Symbol Role="Variable">printer</Symbol> to the new destination for default
printing.<IndexTerm><Primary>LPDEST variable</Primary></IndexTerm>
</Para>
<Para>If the line does not exist, add a line
<ComputerOutput>LPDEST=</ComputerOutput><Symbol Role="Variable">printer</Symbol>, where
<Symbol Role="Variable">printer</Symbol> is the name of the printer you want to
be your default printer.
</Para>
</ListItem>
<ListItem>
<Para>Users need to log out and back in.</Para>
</ListItem>
</OrderedList>
<Para>To change the default printer for a single user, that user should:</Para>
<OrderedList>
<ListItem>
<Para>Copy another printer to the Front Panel from the Personal Printers
subpanel.</Para>
</ListItem>
</OrderedList>
<Para>To designate a different printer as the default printer:</Para>
<OrderedList>
<ListItem>
<Para>Go to your home folder and open the file <Filename>.dtprofile</Filename>.</Para>
</ListItem>
<ListItem>
<Para>Add or edit a line that sets a value for the LPDEST environment variable:</Para>
<programlisting>LPDEST=<Symbol Role="Variable">printer_device;</Symbol> <Command>export LPDEST</Command>
</Programlisting>
<para>If you are using <Command>csh</Command>, the syntax is:
</para>
<programlisting>:setenv LPDEST <Symbol Role="Variable">printer_device</Symbol>
</Programlisting>
<Para>For example, the following line would change the default printer to the
printer whose device name is <Command>laser3d</Command>.
</Para>
<programlisting>LPDEST=laser3d; export LPDEST</programlisting>
<Para>If you are using <Command>csh</Command> the syntax is:</Para>
<programlisting>setenv LPDEST laser3d</programlisting>
</ListItem>
</OrderedList>
</Sect2>
</Sect1>
<Sect1 Id="SAG.PrCnf.div.11">
<Title Id="SAG.PrCnf.mkr.7">Printing Concepts<IndexTerm><Primary>printing</Primary><Secondary>concepts</Secondary></IndexTerm></Title>
<para>Users can invoke printing either by dragging an object, whether it be a
file icon or a text selection, onto the printer icon and dropping it there.
Alternatively, users can invoke printing by selecting a print command
in an application. In each case, the printing proceeds differently.
</para>
<Sect2 Id="SAG.PrCnf.div.12">
<Title Id="SAG.PrCnf.mkr.8">Printing By Drag and Drop Invocation<IndexTerm><Primary>printing</Primary><Secondary>by drag and drop</Secondary></IndexTerm></Title>
<para>When a print request is initiated by dropping a file or a text selection
on a printer control, the system proceeds as follows:
</para>
<OrderedList>
<ListItem>
<Para>The system searches the data-type database for the definition of the
object dropped.
</Para>
</ListItem>
<ListItem>
<Para>If there is a unique print action for the data type (specified using the
ARG_TYPE field in the print action), it is used. If no unique print
action for the data type is found, the default print action uses
<command>dtlp</command> to print the object. For example, if the file is
a PostScript. file, the system uses the Print action for PostScript
files. (This action is defined in
<filename>/usr/dt/appconfig/types/&lt;language>/dt.dt</filename>.) If
you used the Create Action tool for this data type, the print command
you entered is the unique print action that will be used to print files
with this data type.
</Para>
</ListItem>
<ListItem>
<Para>The file is ultimately delivered to the printer using the normal UNIX
<command>lp</command> printing subsystem.
</Para>
</ListItem>
</OrderedList>
</Sect2>
<Sect2 Id="SAG.PrCnf.div.13">
<Title Id="SAG.PrCnf.mkr.9">Printing From CDE Applications<IndexTerm><Primary>printing</Primary><Secondary>from CDE applications</Secondary></IndexTerm></Title>
<para>A number of the CDE applications, including the Calendar Manager
(<command>dtcm</command>), the Help Manager (<command>dthelp</command>),
the Mailer (<command>dtmail</command>), and the Text Editor
(<command>dtpad</command>) have built-in support for printing. These
applications rely on the services of the X Print Server to accomplish
their printing. The X Print Server is simply a normal (video) X Server
which has been enhanced to produce output for various types of printers
including raster, PCL, and Post Script.
</para>
<para>When a print request is initiated from inside a CDE application (for example
by selecting the "Print ..." command from the File menu in the Text Editor),
the following happens:
</para>
<OrderedList>
<ListItem>
<Para>The application displays a dialog allowing the user to set generic,
application specific, or printer specific printing options.
</Para>
</ListItem>
<ListItem>
<Para>The application sends instructions to the X Print Server. The
instructions include standard X drawing requests enhanced by page and
job boundary indicators.
</Para>
</ListItem>
<ListItem>
<Para>The X Print Server translates the instructions into output appropriate
to the target printer. The particular output produced depends upon
the capablilities of the X Print Server and the target printer selected.
</Para>
</ListItem>
<ListItem>
<Para>The X Print Server delivers the print output to the printer using the
normal UNIX <command>lp</command> printing subsystem.
</Para>
</ListItem>
</OrderedList>
<Sect3 Id="SAG.PrCnf.div.14">
<Title Id="SAG.PrCnf.mkr.10">To Support Printing From CDE Applications<IndexTerm><Primary>printing</Primary><Secondary>support for CDE applications</Secondary></IndexTerm></Title>
<para>In addition to the application and the X Print Server, two programs are
required to support printing from CDE applications: the Print Dialog
Manager (PDM) and the PDM daemon.
</para>
<para>Displaying and setting printer-specific printing options are handled in
special programs called Print Dialog Managers (PDMs). Each class of
printer has its own PDM, which knows about the specific set of options
and capabilities that it offers.
</para>
<para>A second class of programs called PDM daemons handle the tasks of
recognizing the fact that an application wants to display or set
printer-specific printing options and starting the correct PDM for the
selected printer.
</para>
<para>In summary, for printing from CDE applications to proceed successfully you
must:
</para>
<OrderedList>
<ListItem>
<Para>Make sure that the printers are added correctly to your system's
configuration.
</Para>
</ListItem>
<ListItem>
<Para>Make sure that the correctly configured X Print Servers needed
to support your printer configuration are running. The default X
Print Server for CDE is <literal>Xprt</literal>.
</Para>
</ListItem>
<ListItem>
<Para>Make sure that the correctly configured Print Dialog Manager (PDM)
daemons needed to support your printer configuration are running.
The default PDM daemon for CDE is <command>dtpdmd</command>.
</Para>
</ListItem>
<ListItem>
<Para>Make sure that the correctly configured Print Dialog Managers (PDMs)
needed to support your printer configuration are available.
The default PDM for CDE is <command>dtpdm</command>.
</Para>
</ListItem>
</OrderedList>
</Sect3>
</Sect2>
</sect1>
</Chapter>
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