OWEALs
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<h1>Class <code>nixio</code></h1>

<p>
 General POSIX IO library.</p>


<h2>Functions</h2>
<table class="function_list">

	<tr>
	<td class="name" nowrap><a href="#nixio.bind">bind</a>&nbsp;(host, port, family, socktype)</td>
	<td class="summary">
 Create a new socket and bind it to a network address.</td>
	</tr>

	<tr>
	<td class="name" nowrap><a href="#nixio.chdir">chdir</a>&nbsp;(path)</td>
	<td class="summary">
 Change the working directory.</td>
	</tr>

	<tr>
	<td class="name" nowrap><a href="#nixio.closelog">closelog</a>&nbsp;()</td>
	<td class="summary">
 (POSIX) Close the connection to the system logger.</td>
	</tr>

	<tr>
	<td class="name" nowrap><a href="#nixio.connect">connect</a>&nbsp;(host, port, family, socktype)</td>
	<td class="summary">
 Create a new socket and connect to a network address.</td>
	</tr>

	<tr>
	<td class="name" nowrap><a href="#nixio.crypt">crypt</a>&nbsp;(key, salt)</td>
	<td class="summary">
 (POSIX) Encrypt a user password.</td>
	</tr>

	<tr>
	<td class="name" nowrap><a href="#nixio.dup">dup</a>&nbsp;(oldfd, newfd)</td>
	<td class="summary">
 Duplicate a file descriptor.</td>
	</tr>

	<tr>
	<td class="name" nowrap><a href="#nixio.errno">errno</a>&nbsp;()</td>
	<td class="summary">
 Get the last system error code.</td>
	</tr>

	<tr>
	<td class="name" nowrap><a href="#nixio.exec">exec</a>&nbsp;(executable, ...)</td>
	<td class="summary">
 Execute a file to replace the current process.</td>
	</tr>

	<tr>
	<td class="name" nowrap><a href="#nixio.exece">exece</a>&nbsp;(executable, arguments, environment)</td>
	<td class="summary">
 Execute a file with a custom environment to replace the current process.</td>
	</tr>

	<tr>
	<td class="name" nowrap><a href="#nixio.execp">execp</a>&nbsp;(executable, ...)</td>
	<td class="summary">
 Invoke the shell and execute a file to replace the current process.</td>
	</tr>

	<tr>
	<td class="name" nowrap><a href="#nixio.fork">fork</a>&nbsp;()</td>
	<td class="summary">
 (POSIX) Clone the current process.</td>
	</tr>

	<tr>
	<td class="name" nowrap><a href="#nixio.getaddrinfo">getaddrinfo</a>&nbsp;(host, family, service)</td>
	<td class="summary">
 Look up a hostname and service via DNS.</td>
	</tr>

	<tr>
	<td class="name" nowrap><a href="#nixio.getcwd">getcwd</a>&nbsp;()</td>
	<td class="summary">
 Get the current working directory.</td>
	</tr>

	<tr>
	<td class="name" nowrap><a href="#nixio.getenv">getenv</a>&nbsp;(variable)</td>
	<td class="summary">
 Get the current environment table or a specific environment variable.</td>
	</tr>

	<tr>
	<td class="name" nowrap><a href="#nixio.getgid">getgid</a>&nbsp;()</td>
	<td class="summary">
 (POSIX) Get the group id of the current process.</td>
	</tr>

	<tr>
	<td class="name" nowrap><a href="#nixio.getgr">getgr</a>&nbsp;(group)</td>
	<td class="summary">
 (POSIX) Get all or a specific user group.</td>
	</tr>

	<tr>
	<td class="name" nowrap><a href="#nixio.getifaddrs">getifaddrs</a>&nbsp;()</td>
	<td class="summary">
 (Linux, BSD) Get a list of available network interfaces and their addresses.</td>
	</tr>

	<tr>
	<td class="name" nowrap><a href="#nixio.getnameinfo">getnameinfo</a>&nbsp;(ipaddr)</td>
	<td class="summary">
 Reverse look up an IP-Address via DNS.</td>
	</tr>

	<tr>
	<td class="name" nowrap><a href="#nixio.getpid">getpid</a>&nbsp;()</td>
	<td class="summary">
 Get the ID of the current process.</td>
	</tr>

	<tr>
	<td class="name" nowrap><a href="#nixio.getppid">getppid</a>&nbsp;()</td>
	<td class="summary">
 (POSIX) Get the parent process id of the current process.</td>
	</tr>

	<tr>
	<td class="name" nowrap><a href="#nixio.getproto">getproto</a>&nbsp;(proto)</td>
	<td class="summary">
 Get all or a specific proto entry.</td>
	</tr>

	<tr>
	<td class="name" nowrap><a href="#nixio.getprotobyname">getprotobyname</a>&nbsp;(name)</td>
	<td class="summary">
 Get protocol entry by name.</td>
	</tr>

	<tr>
	<td class="name" nowrap><a href="#nixio.getprotobynumber">getprotobynumber</a>&nbsp;(proto)</td>
	<td class="summary">
 Get protocol entry by number.</td>
	</tr>

	<tr>
	<td class="name" nowrap><a href="#nixio.getpw">getpw</a>&nbsp;(user)</td>
	<td class="summary">
 (POSIX) Get all or a specific user account.</td>
	</tr>

	<tr>
	<td class="name" nowrap><a href="#nixio.getsp">getsp</a>&nbsp;(user)</td>
	<td class="summary">
 (Linux, Solaris) Get all or a specific shadow password entry.</td>
	</tr>

	<tr>
	<td class="name" nowrap><a href="#nixio.getuid">getuid</a>&nbsp;()</td>
	<td class="summary">
 (POSIX) Get the user id of the current process.</td>
	</tr>

	<tr>
	<td class="name" nowrap><a href="#nixio.kill">kill</a>&nbsp;(target, signal)</td>
	<td class="summary">
 (POSIX) Send a signal to one or more processes.</td>
	</tr>

	<tr>
	<td class="name" nowrap><a href="#nixio.nanosleep">nanosleep</a>&nbsp;(seconds, nanoseconds)</td>
	<td class="summary">
 Sleep for a specified amount of time.</td>
	</tr>

	<tr>
	<td class="name" nowrap><a href="#nixio.nice">nice</a>&nbsp;(nice)</td>
	<td class="summary">
 (POSIX) Change priority of current process.</td>
	</tr>

	<tr>
	<td class="name" nowrap><a href="#nixio.open">open</a>&nbsp;(path, flags, mode)</td>
	<td class="summary">
 Open a file.</td>
	</tr>

	<tr>
	<td class="name" nowrap><a href="#nixio.open_flags">open_flags</a>&nbsp;(flag1, ...)</td>
	<td class="summary">
 Generate flags for a call to open().</td>
	</tr>

	<tr>
	<td class="name" nowrap><a href="#nixio.openlog">openlog</a>&nbsp;(ident, flag1, ...)</td>
	<td class="summary">
 (POSIX) Open a connection to the system logger.</td>
	</tr>

	<tr>
	<td class="name" nowrap><a href="#nixio.pipe">pipe</a>&nbsp;()</td>
	<td class="summary">
 Create a pipe.</td>
	</tr>

	<tr>
	<td class="name" nowrap><a href="#nixio.poll">poll</a>&nbsp;(fds, timeout)</td>
	<td class="summary">
 Wait for some event on a file descriptor.</td>
	</tr>

	<tr>
	<td class="name" nowrap><a href="#nixio.poll_flags">poll_flags</a>&nbsp;(mode1, ...)</td>
	<td class="summary">
 Generate events-bitfield or parse revents-bitfield for poll.</td>
	</tr>

	<tr>
	<td class="name" nowrap><a href="#nixio.sendfile">sendfile</a>&nbsp;(socket, file, length)</td>
	<td class="summary">
 (POSIX) Send data from a file to a socket in kernel-space.</td>
	</tr>

	<tr>
	<td class="name" nowrap><a href="#nixio.setenv">setenv</a>&nbsp;(variable, value)</td>
	<td class="summary">
 Set or unset a environment variable.</td>
	</tr>

	<tr>
	<td class="name" nowrap><a href="#nixio.setgid">setgid</a>&nbsp;(gid)</td>
	<td class="summary">
 (POSIX) Set the group id of the current process.</td>
	</tr>

	<tr>
	<td class="name" nowrap><a href="#nixio.setlogmask">setlogmask</a>&nbsp;(priority)</td>
	<td class="summary">
 (POSIX) Set the logmask of the system logger for current process.</td>
	</tr>

	<tr>
	<td class="name" nowrap><a href="#nixio.setsid">setsid</a>&nbsp;()</td>
	<td class="summary">
 (POSIX) Create a new session and set the process group ID.</td>
	</tr>

	<tr>
	<td class="name" nowrap><a href="#nixio.setuid">setuid</a>&nbsp;(gid)</td>
	<td class="summary">
 (POSIX) Set the user id of the current process.</td>
	</tr>

	<tr>
	<td class="name" nowrap><a href="#nixio.signal">signal</a>&nbsp;(signal, handler)</td>
	<td class="summary">
 Ignore or use set the default handler for a signal.</td>
	</tr>

	<tr>
	<td class="name" nowrap><a href="#nixio.socket">socket</a>&nbsp;(domain, type)</td>
	<td class="summary">
 Create a new socket.</td>
	</tr>

	<tr>
	<td class="name" nowrap><a href="#nixio.splice">splice</a>&nbsp;(fdin, fdout, length, flags)</td>
	<td class="summary">
 (Linux) Send data from / to a pipe in kernel-space.</td>
	</tr>

	<tr>
	<td class="name" nowrap><a href="#nixio.splice_flags">splice_flags</a>&nbsp;(flag1, ...)</td>
	<td class="summary">
 (Linux) Generate a flag bitfield for a call to splice.</td>
	</tr>

	<tr>
	<td class="name" nowrap><a href="#nixio.strerror">strerror</a>&nbsp;(errno)</td>
	<td class="summary">
 Get the error message for the corresponding error code.</td>
	</tr>

	<tr>
	<td class="name" nowrap><a href="#nixio.sysinfo">sysinfo</a>&nbsp;()</td>
	<td class="summary">
 (Linux) Get overall system statistics.</td>
	</tr>

	<tr>
	<td class="name" nowrap><a href="#nixio.syslog">syslog</a>&nbsp;(priority)</td>
	<td class="summary">
 (POSIX) Write a message to the system logger.</td>
	</tr>

	<tr>
	<td class="name" nowrap><a href="#nixio.times">times</a>&nbsp;()</td>
	<td class="summary">
 (POSIX) Get process times.</td>
	</tr>

	<tr>
	<td class="name" nowrap><a href="#nixio.tls">tls</a>&nbsp;(mode)</td>
	<td class="summary">
 Create a new TLS context.</td>
	</tr>

	<tr>
	<td class="name" nowrap><a href="#nixio.umask">umask</a>&nbsp;(mask)</td>
	<td class="summary">
 Sets the file mode creation mask.</td>
	</tr>

	<tr>
	<td class="name" nowrap><a href="#nixio.uname">uname</a>&nbsp;()</td>
	<td class="summary">
 (POSIX) Get information about current system and kernel.</td>
	</tr>

	<tr>
	<td class="name" nowrap><a href="#nixio.waitpid">waitpid</a>&nbsp;(pid, flag1, ...)</td>
	<td class="summary">
 (POSIX) Wait for a process to change state.</td>
	</tr>

</table>


<br/>
<br/>


<h2><a name="functions"></a>Functions</h2>
<dl class="function">


<dt><a name="nixio.bind"></a><strong>bind</strong>&nbsp;(host, port, family, socktype)</dt>
<dd>

 Create a new socket and bind it to a network address. 
 This function is a shortcut for calling nixio.socket and then bind() 
 on the socket object.


<h3>Parameters</h3>
<ul>
	
	<li>
	  host: Hostname or IP-Address (optional, default: all addresses)
	</li>
	
	<li>
	  port: Port or service description
	</li>
	
	<li>
	  family: Address family [<strong>"any"</strong>, "inet", "inet6"]
	</li>
	
	<li>
	  socktype: Socket Type [<strong>"stream"</strong>, "dgram"]
	</li>
	
</ul>


<h3>Usage</h3>
<ul>
	
	<li>This functions calls getaddrinfo(), socket(), 
 setsockopt() and bind() but NOT listen().
	
	<li>The <em>reuseaddr</em>-option is automatically set before binding.
	
</ul>


<h3>Return value:</h3>
Socket Object


</dd>


<dt><a name="nixio.chdir"></a><strong>chdir</strong>&nbsp;(path)</dt>
<dd>

 Change the working directory.


<h3>Parameters</h3>
<ul>
	
	<li>
	  path: New working directory
	</li>
	
</ul>


<h3>Return value:</h3>
true


</dd>


<dt><a name="nixio.closelog"></a><strong>closelog</strong>&nbsp;()</dt>
<dd>

 (POSIX) Close the connection to the system logger.


</dd>


<dt><a name="nixio.connect"></a><strong>connect</strong>&nbsp;(host, port, family, socktype)</dt>
<dd>

 Create a new socket and connect to a network address. 
 This function is a shortcut for calling nixio.socket and then connect() 
 on the socket object.


<h3>Parameters</h3>
<ul>
	
	<li>
	  host: Hostname or IP-Address (optional, default: localhost)
	</li>
	
	<li>
	  port: Port or service description
	</li>
	
	<li>
	  family: Address family [<strong>"any"</strong>, "inet", "inet6"]
	</li>
	
	<li>
	  socktype: Socket Type [<strong>"stream"</strong>, "dgram"]
	</li>
	
</ul>


<h3>Usage:</h3>
This functions calls getaddrinfo(), socket() and connect().


<h3>Return value:</h3>
Socket Object


</dd>


<dt><a name="nixio.crypt"></a><strong>crypt</strong>&nbsp;(key, salt)</dt>
<dd>

 (POSIX) Encrypt a user password.


<h3>Parameters</h3>
<ul>
	
	<li>
	  key: Key
	</li>
	
	<li>
	  salt: Salt
	</li>
	
</ul>


<h3>Return value:</h3>
password hash


</dd>


<dt><a name="nixio.dup"></a><strong>dup</strong>&nbsp;(oldfd, newfd)</dt>
<dd>

 Duplicate a file descriptor.


<h3>Parameters</h3>
<ul>
	
	<li>
	  oldfd: Old descriptor [File Object, Socket Object (POSIX only)]
	</li>
	
	<li>
	  newfd: New descriptor to serve as copy (optional)
	</li>
	
</ul>


<h3>Usage:</h3>
This funcation calls dup2() if <em>newfd</em> is set, otherwise dup().


<h3>Return value:</h3>
File Object of new descriptor


</dd>


<dt><a name="nixio.errno"></a><strong>errno</strong>&nbsp;()</dt>
<dd>

 Get the last system error code.


<h3>Return value:</h3>
Error code


</dd>


<dt><a name="nixio.exec"></a><strong>exec</strong>&nbsp;(executable, ...)</dt>
<dd>

 Execute a file to replace the current process.


<h3>Parameters</h3>
<ul>
	
	<li>
	  executable: Executable
	</li>
	
	<li>
	  ...: Parameters
	</li>
	
</ul>


<h3>Usage</h3>
<ul>
	
	<li>The name of the executable is automatically passed as argv[0]
	
	<li>This function does not return on success.
	
</ul>


</dd>


<dt><a name="nixio.exece"></a><strong>exece</strong>&nbsp;(executable, arguments, environment)</dt>
<dd>

 Execute a file with a custom environment to replace the current process.


<h3>Parameters</h3>
<ul>
	
	<li>
	  executable: Executable
	</li>
	
	<li>
	  arguments: Argument Table
	</li>
	
	<li>
	  environment: Environment Table (optional)
	</li>
	
</ul>


<h3>Usage</h3>
<ul>
	
	<li>The name of the executable is automatically passed as argv[0]
	
	<li>This function does not return on success.
	
</ul>


</dd>


<dt><a name="nixio.execp"></a><strong>execp</strong>&nbsp;(executable, ...)</dt>
<dd>

 Invoke the shell and execute a file to replace the current process.


<h3>Parameters</h3>
<ul>
	
	<li>
	  executable: Executable
	</li>
	
	<li>
	  ...: Parameters
	</li>
	
</ul>


<h3>Usage</h3>
<ul>
	
	<li>The name of the executable is automatically passed as argv[0]
	
	<li>This function does not return on success.
	
</ul>


</dd>


<dt><a name="nixio.fork"></a><strong>fork</strong>&nbsp;()</dt>
<dd>

 (POSIX) Clone the current process.


<h3>Return value:</h3>
the child process id for the parent process, 0 for the child process


</dd>


<dt><a name="nixio.getaddrinfo"></a><strong>getaddrinfo</strong>&nbsp;(host, family, service)</dt>
<dd>

 Look up a hostname and service via DNS.


<h3>Parameters</h3>
<ul>
	
	<li>
	  host: hostname to lookup	(optional)
	</li>
	
	<li>
	  family: address family [<strong>"any"</strong>, "inet", "inet6"]  
	</li>
	
	<li>
	  service: service name or port (optional)
	</li>
	
</ul>


<h3>Return value:</h3>
Table containing one or more tables containing: <ul> 
 <li>family = ["inet", "inet6"]</li> 
 <li>socktype = ["stream", "dgram", "raw"]</li> 
 <li>address = Resolved IP-Address</li> 
 <li>port = Resolved Port (if service was given)</li> 
 </ul>


</dd>


<dt><a name="nixio.getcwd"></a><strong>getcwd</strong>&nbsp;()</dt>
<dd>

 Get the current working directory.


<h3>Return value:</h3>
workign directory


</dd>


<dt><a name="nixio.getenv"></a><strong>getenv</strong>&nbsp;(variable)</dt>
<dd>

 Get the current environment table or a specific environment variable.


<h3>Parameters</h3>
<ul>
	
	<li>
	  variable: Variable (optional)
	</li>
	
</ul>


<h3>Return value:</h3>
environment table or single environment variable


</dd>


<dt><a name="nixio.getgid"></a><strong>getgid</strong>&nbsp;()</dt>
<dd>

 (POSIX) Get the group id of the current process.


<h3>Return value:</h3>
process group id


</dd>


<dt><a name="nixio.getgr"></a><strong>getgr</strong>&nbsp;(group)</dt>
<dd>

 (POSIX) Get all or a specific user group.


<h3>Parameters</h3>
<ul>
	
	<li>
	  group: Group ID or groupname (optional)
	</li>
	
</ul>


<h3>Return value:</h3>
Table containing: <ul> 
 <li>name = Group Name</li> 
 <li>gid = Group ID</li> 
 <li>passwd = Password</li> 
 <li>mem = {Member #1, Member #2, ...}</li> 
 </ul>


</dd>


<dt><a name="nixio.getifaddrs"></a><strong>getifaddrs</strong>&nbsp;()</dt>
<dd>

 (Linux, BSD) Get a list of available network interfaces and their addresses.


<h3>Return value:</h3>
Table containing one or more tables containing: <ul> 
 <li>name = Interface Name</li> 
 <li>family = ["inet", "inet6", "packet"]</li> 
 <li>addr = Interface Address (IPv4, IPv6, MAC, ...)</li> 
 <li>broadaddr = Broadcast Address</li> 
 <li>dstaddr = Destination Address (Point-to-Point)</li> 
 <li>netmask = Netmask (if available)</li> 
 <li>prefix = Prefix (if available)</li> 
 <li>flags = Table of interface flags (up, multicast, loopback, ...)</li> 
 <li>data = Statistics (Linux, "packet"-family)</li> 
 <li>hatype = Hardware Type Identifier (Linix, "packet"-family)</li> 
 <li>ifindex = Interface Index (Linux, "packet"-family)</li> 
 </ul>


</dd>


<dt><a name="nixio.getnameinfo"></a><strong>getnameinfo</strong>&nbsp;(ipaddr)</dt>
<dd>

 Reverse look up an IP-Address via DNS.


<h3>Parameters</h3>
<ul>
	
	<li>
	  ipaddr: IPv4 or IPv6-Address
	</li>
	
</ul>


<h3>Return value:</h3>
FQDN


</dd>


<dt><a name="nixio.getpid"></a><strong>getpid</strong>&nbsp;()</dt>
<dd>

 Get the ID of the current process.


<h3>Return value:</h3>
process id


</dd>


<dt><a name="nixio.getppid"></a><strong>getppid</strong>&nbsp;()</dt>
<dd>

 (POSIX) Get the parent process id of the current process.


<h3>Return value:</h3>
parent process id


</dd>


<dt><a name="nixio.getproto"></a><strong>getproto</strong>&nbsp;(proto)</dt>
<dd>

 Get all or a specific proto entry.


<h3>Parameters</h3>
<ul>
	
	<li>
	  proto: protocol number or name to lookup (optional)
	</li>
	
</ul>


<h3>Return value:</h3>
Table (or if no parameter is given, a table of tables) 
                  containing the following fields: <ul> 
 <li>name = Protocol Name</li> 
 <li>proto = Protocol Number</li> 
 <li>aliases = Table of alias names</li> 
 </ul>


</dd>


<dt><a name="nixio.getprotobyname"></a><strong>getprotobyname</strong>&nbsp;(name)</dt>
<dd>

 Get protocol entry by name.


<h3>Parameters</h3>
<ul>
	
	<li>
	  name: protocol name to lookup
	</li>
	
</ul>


<h3>Usage:</h3>
This function returns nil if the given protocol is unknown.


<h3>Return value:</h3>
Table containing the following fields: <ul> 
 <li>name = Protocol Name</li> 
 <li>proto = Protocol Number</li> 
 <li>aliases = Table of alias names</li> 
 </ul>


</dd>


<dt><a name="nixio.getprotobynumber"></a><strong>getprotobynumber</strong>&nbsp;(proto)</dt>
<dd>

 Get protocol entry by number.


<h3>Parameters</h3>
<ul>
	
	<li>
	  proto: protocol number to lookup
	</li>
	
</ul>


<h3>Usage:</h3>
This function returns nil if the given protocol is unknown.


<h3>Return value:</h3>
Table containing the following fields: <ul> 
 <li>name = Protocol Name</li> 
 <li>proto = Protocol Number</li> 
 <li>aliases = Table of alias names</li> 
 </ul>


</dd>


<dt><a name="nixio.getpw"></a><strong>getpw</strong>&nbsp;(user)</dt>
<dd>

 (POSIX) Get all or a specific user account.


<h3>Parameters</h3>
<ul>
	
	<li>
	  user: User ID or username (optional)
	</li>
	
</ul>


<h3>Return value:</h3>
Table containing: <ul> 
 <li>name = Name</li> 
 <li>uid = ID</li> 
 <li>gid = Group ID</li> 
 <li>passwd = Password</li> 
 <li>dir = Home directory</li> 
 <li>gecos = Information</li> 
 <li>shell = Shell</li> 
 </ul>


</dd>


<dt><a name="nixio.getsp"></a><strong>getsp</strong>&nbsp;(user)</dt>
<dd>

 (Linux, Solaris) Get all or a specific shadow password entry.


<h3>Parameters</h3>
<ul>
	
	<li>
	  user: username (optional)
	</li>
	
</ul>


<h3>Return value:</h3>
Table containing: <ul> 
 <li>namp = Name</li> 
 <li>expire = Expiration Date</li> 
 <li>flag = Flags</li> 
 <li>inact = Inactivity Date</li> 
 <li>lstchg = Last change</li> 
 <li>max = Maximum</li> 
 <li>min = Minimum</li> 
 <li>warn = Warning</li> 
 <li>pwdp = Password Hash</li> 
 </ul>


</dd>


<dt><a name="nixio.getuid"></a><strong>getuid</strong>&nbsp;()</dt>
<dd>

 (POSIX) Get the user id of the current process.


<h3>Return value:</h3>
process user id


</dd>


<dt><a name="nixio.kill"></a><strong>kill</strong>&nbsp;(target, signal)</dt>
<dd>

 (POSIX) Send a signal to one or more processes.


<h3>Parameters</h3>
<ul>
	
	<li>
	  target: Target process of process group.
	</li>
	
	<li>
	  signal: Signal to send
	</li>
	
</ul>


<h3>Return value:</h3>
true


</dd>


<dt><a name="nixio.nanosleep"></a><strong>nanosleep</strong>&nbsp;(seconds, nanoseconds)</dt>
<dd>

 Sleep for a specified amount of time.


<h3>Parameters</h3>
<ul>
	
	<li>
	  seconds: Seconds to wait (optional)
	</li>
	
	<li>
	  nanoseconds: Nanoseconds to wait (optional)
	</li>
	
</ul>


<h3>Usage</h3>
<ul>
	
	<li>Not all systems support nanosecond precision but you can expect 
 to have at least maillisecond precision.
	
	<li>This function is not signal-protected and may fail with EINTR.
	
</ul>


<h3>Return value:</h3>
true


</dd>


<dt><a name="nixio.nice"></a><strong>nice</strong>&nbsp;(nice)</dt>
<dd>

 (POSIX) Change priority of current process.


<h3>Parameters</h3>
<ul>
	
	<li>
	  nice: Nice Value
	</li>
	
</ul>


<h3>Return value:</h3>
true


</dd>


<dt><a name="nixio.open"></a><strong>open</strong>&nbsp;(path, flags, mode)</dt>
<dd>

 Open a file.


<h3>Parameters</h3>
<ul>
	
	<li>
	  path: Filesystem path to open
	</li>
	
	<li>
	  flags: Flag string or number (see open_flags). 
 [<strong>"r"</strong>, "r+", "w", "w+", "a", "a+"]
	</li>
	
	<li>
	  mode: File mode for newly created files (see chmod, umask).
	</li>
	
</ul>


<h3>Usage:</h3>
Although this function also supports the traditional fopen()  
 file flags it does not create a file stream but uses the open() syscall.


<h3>Return value:</h3>
File Object


<h3>See also:</h3>
<ul>
	
	<li><a href="#nixio.umask">
		umask
	</a>
	
	<li><a href="#nixio.open_flags">
		open_flags
	</a>
	
</ul>

</dd>


<dt><a name="nixio.open_flags"></a><strong>open_flags</strong>&nbsp;(flag1, ...)</dt>
<dd>

 Generate flags for a call to open().


<h3>Parameters</h3>
<ul>
	
	<li>
	  flag1: First Flag ["append", "creat", "excl", "nonblock", "ndelay", 
 "sync", "trunc", "rdonly", "wronly", "rdwr"]
	</li>
	
	<li>
	  ...: More Flags [-"-]
	</li>
	
</ul>


<h3>Usage</h3>
<ul>
	
	<li>This function cannot fail and will never return nil.
	
	<li>The "nonblock" and "ndelay" flags are aliases.
	
	<li>The "nonblock", "ndelay" and "sync" flags are no-ops on Windows.
	
</ul>


<h3>Return value:</h3>
flag to be used as second parameter to open


</dd>


<dt><a name="nixio.openlog"></a><strong>openlog</strong>&nbsp;(ident, flag1, ...)</dt>
<dd>

 (POSIX) Open a connection to the system logger.


<h3>Parameters</h3>
<ul>
	
	<li>
	  ident: Identifier
	</li>
	
	<li>
	  flag1: Flag 1 ["cons", "nowait", "pid", "perror", "ndelay", "odelay"]
	</li>
	
	<li>
	  ...: More flags [-"-]
	</li>
	
</ul>


</dd>


<dt><a name="nixio.pipe"></a><strong>pipe</strong>&nbsp;()</dt>
<dd>

 Create a pipe.


<h3>Return values:</h3>
<ol>
	
	<li>File Object of the read end
	
	<li>File Object of the write end
	
</ol>


</dd>


<dt><a name="nixio.poll"></a><strong>poll</strong>&nbsp;(fds, timeout)</dt>
<dd>

 Wait for some event on a file descriptor. 
 poll() sets the revents-field of the tables provided by fds to a bitfield 
 indicating the events that occurred.


<h3>Parameters</h3>
<ul>
	
	<li>
	  fds: Table containing one or more tables containing <ul> 
 <li> fd = I/O Descriptor [Socket Object, File Object (POSIX)]</li> 
 <li> events = events to wait for (bitfield generated with poll_flags)</li> 
 </ul>
	</li>
	
	<li>
	  timeout: Timeout in milliseconds
	</li>
	
</ul>


<h3>Usage</h3>
<ul>
	
	<li>This function works in-place on the provided table and only 
 writes the revents field, you can use other fields on your demand.
	
	<li>All metamethods on the tables provided as fds are ignored.
	
	<li>The revents-fields are not reset when the call times out. 
 You have to check the first return value to be 0 to handle this case.
	
	<li>If you want to wait on a TLS-Socket you have to use the underlying 
 socket instead.
	
	<li>On Windows poll is emulated through select(), can only be used 
 on socket descriptors and cannot take more than 64 descriptors per call.
	
	<li>This function is not signal-protected and may fail with EINTR.
	
</ul>


<h3>Return values:</h3>
<ol>
	
	<li>number of ready IO descriptors
	
	<li>the fds-table with revents-fields set
	
</ol>


<h3>See also:</h3>
<ul>
	
	<li><a href="#nixio.poll_flags">
		poll_flags
	</a>
	
</ul>

</dd>


<dt><a name="nixio.poll_flags"></a><strong>poll_flags</strong>&nbsp;(mode1, ...)</dt>
<dd>

 Generate events-bitfield or parse revents-bitfield for poll.


<h3>Parameters</h3>
<ul>
	
	<li>
	  mode1: revents-Flag bitfield returned from poll to parse OR  
 ["in", "out", "err", "pri" (POSIX), "hup" (POSIX), "nval" (POSIX)]
	</li>
	
	<li>
	  ...: More mode strings for generating the flag [-"-]
	</li>
	
</ul>


<h3>Return value:</h3>
table with boolean fields reflecting the mode parameter  
 <strong>OR</strong> bitfield to use for the events-Flag field


<h3>See also:</h3>
<ul>
	
	<li><a href="#nixio.poll">
		poll
	</a>
	
</ul>

</dd>


<dt><a name="nixio.sendfile"></a><strong>sendfile</strong>&nbsp;(socket, file, length)</dt>
<dd>

 (POSIX) Send data from a file to a socket in kernel-space.


<h3>Parameters</h3>
<ul>
	
	<li>
	  socket: Socket Object
	</li>
	
	<li>
	  file: File Object
	</li>
	
	<li>
	  length: Amount of data to send (in Bytes).
	</li>
	
</ul>


<h3>Return value:</h3>
bytes sent


</dd>


<dt><a name="nixio.setenv"></a><strong>setenv</strong>&nbsp;(variable, value)</dt>
<dd>

 Set or unset a environment variable.


<h3>Parameters</h3>
<ul>
	
	<li>
	  variable: Variable
	</li>
	
	<li>
	  value: Value (optional)
	</li>
	
</ul>


<h3>Usage:</h3>
The environment variable will be unset if value is omitted.


<h3>Return value:</h3>
true


</dd>


<dt><a name="nixio.setgid"></a><strong>setgid</strong>&nbsp;(gid)</dt>
<dd>

 (POSIX) Set the group id of the current process.


<h3>Parameters</h3>
<ul>
	
	<li>
	  gid: New Group ID
	</li>
	
</ul>


<h3>Return value:</h3>
true


</dd>


<dt><a name="nixio.setlogmask"></a><strong>setlogmask</strong>&nbsp;(priority)</dt>
<dd>

 (POSIX) Set the logmask of the system logger for current process.


<h3>Parameters</h3>
<ul>
	
	<li>
	  priority: Priority ["emerg", "alert", "crit", "err", "warning", 
 "notice", "info", "debug"]
	</li>
	
</ul>


</dd>


<dt><a name="nixio.setsid"></a><strong>setsid</strong>&nbsp;()</dt>
<dd>

 (POSIX) Create a new session and set the process group ID.


<h3>Return value:</h3>
session id


</dd>


<dt><a name="nixio.setuid"></a><strong>setuid</strong>&nbsp;(gid)</dt>
<dd>

 (POSIX) Set the user id of the current process.


<h3>Parameters</h3>
<ul>
	
	<li>
	  gid: New User ID
	</li>
	
</ul>


<h3>Return value:</h3>
true


</dd>


<dt><a name="nixio.signal"></a><strong>signal</strong>&nbsp;(signal, handler)</dt>
<dd>

 Ignore or use set the default handler for a signal.


<h3>Parameters</h3>
<ul>
	
	<li>
	  signal: Signal
	</li>
	
	<li>
	  handler: ["ign", "dfl"]
	</li>
	
</ul>


<h3>Return value:</h3>
true


</dd>


<dt><a name="nixio.socket"></a><strong>socket</strong>&nbsp;(domain, type)</dt>
<dd>

 Create a new socket.


<h3>Parameters</h3>
<ul>
	
	<li>
	  domain: Domain ["inet", "inet6", "unix"]
	</li>
	
	<li>
	  type: Type   ["stream", "dgram", "raw"]
	</li>
	
</ul>


<h3>Return value:</h3>
Socket Object


</dd>


<dt><a name="nixio.splice"></a><strong>splice</strong>&nbsp;(fdin, fdout, length, flags)</dt>
<dd>

 (Linux) Send data from / to a pipe in kernel-space.


<h3>Parameters</h3>
<ul>
	
	<li>
	  fdin: Input I/O descriptor 
	</li>
	
	<li>
	  fdout: Output I/O descriptor
	</li>
	
	<li>
	  length: Amount of data to send (in Bytes).
	</li>
	
	<li>
	  flags: (optional, bitfield generated by splice_flags)
	</li>
	
</ul>


<h3>Return value:</h3>
bytes sent


<h3>See also:</h3>
<ul>
	
	<li><a href="#nixio.splice_flags">
		splice_flags
	</a>
	
</ul>

</dd>


<dt><a name="nixio.splice_flags"></a><strong>splice_flags</strong>&nbsp;(flag1, ...)</dt>
<dd>

 (Linux) Generate a flag bitfield for a call to splice.


<h3>Parameters</h3>
<ul>
	
	<li>
	  flag1: First Flag	["move", "nonblock", "more"]
	</li>
	
	<li>
	  ...: More flags	[-"-]
	</li>
	
</ul>


<h3>Return value:</h3>
Flag bitfield


<h3>See also:</h3>
<ul>
	
	<li><a href="#nixio.splice">
		splice
	</a>
	
</ul>

</dd>


<dt><a name="nixio.strerror"></a><strong>strerror</strong>&nbsp;(errno)</dt>
<dd>

 Get the error message for the corresponding error code.


<h3>Parameters</h3>
<ul>
	
	<li>
	  errno: System error code
	</li>
	
</ul>


<h3>Return value:</h3>
Error message


</dd>


<dt><a name="nixio.sysinfo"></a><strong>sysinfo</strong>&nbsp;()</dt>
<dd>

 (Linux) Get overall system statistics.


<h3>Return value:</h3>
Table containing: <ul> 
 <li>uptime = system uptime in seconds</li> 
 <li>loads = {loadavg1, loadavg5, loadavg15}</li> 
 <li>totalram = total RAM</li> 
 <li>freeram = free RAM</li> 
 <li>sharedram = shared RAM</li> 
 <li>bufferram = buffered RAM</li> 
 <li>totalswap = total SWAP</li> 
 <li>freeswap = free SWAP</li> 
 <li>procs = number of running processes</li> 
 </ul>


</dd>


<dt><a name="nixio.syslog"></a><strong>syslog</strong>&nbsp;(priority)</dt>
<dd>

 (POSIX) Write a message to the system logger.


<h3>Parameters</h3>
<ul>
	
	<li>
	  priority: Priority ["emerg", "alert", "crit", "err", "warning", 
 "notice", "info", "debug"]
	</li>
	
</ul>


</dd>


<dt><a name="nixio.times"></a><strong>times</strong>&nbsp;()</dt>
<dd>

 (POSIX) Get process times.


<h3>Return value:</h3>
Table containing: <ul> 
 <li>utime = user time</li> 
 <li>utime = system time</li> 
 <li>cutime = children user time</li> 
 <li>cstime = children system time</li> 
 </ul>


</dd>


<dt><a name="nixio.tls"></a><strong>tls</strong>&nbsp;(mode)</dt>
<dd>

 Create a new TLS context.


<h3>Parameters</h3>
<ul>
	
	<li>
	  mode: TLS-Mode ["client", "server"]
	</li>
	
</ul>


<h3>Return value:</h3>
TLSContext Object


</dd>


<dt><a name="nixio.umask"></a><strong>umask</strong>&nbsp;(mask)</dt>
<dd>

 Sets the file mode creation mask.


<h3>Parameters</h3>
<ul>
	
	<li>
	  mask: New creation mask (see chmod for format specifications)
	</li>
	
</ul>


<h3>Return values:</h3>
<ol>
	
	<li>the old umask as decimal mode number
	
	<li>the old umask as mode string
	
</ol>


</dd>


<dt><a name="nixio.uname"></a><strong>uname</strong>&nbsp;()</dt>
<dd>

 (POSIX) Get information about current system and kernel.


<h3>Return value:</h3>
Table containing: <ul> 
 <li>sysname = operating system</li> 
 <li>nodename = network name (usually hostname)</li> 
 <li>release = OS release</li> 
 <li>version = OS version</li> 
 <li>machine = hardware identifier</li> 
 </ul>


</dd>


<dt><a name="nixio.waitpid"></a><strong>waitpid</strong>&nbsp;(pid, flag1, ...)</dt>
<dd>

 (POSIX) Wait for a process to change state.


<h3>Parameters</h3>
<ul>
	
	<li>
	  pid: Process ID	(optional, default: any childprocess)
	</li>
	
	<li>
	  flag1: Flag	(optional) ["nohang", "untraced", "continued"]
	</li>
	
	<li>
	  ...: More Flags [-"-]
	</li>
	
</ul>


<h3>Usage:</h3>
If the "nohang" is given this function becomes non-blocking.


<h3>Return values:</h3>
<ol>
	
	<li>process id of child or 0 if no child has changed state
	
	<li>["exited", "signaled", "stopped"]
	
	<li>[exit code, terminate signal, stop signal]
	
</ol>


</dd>


</dl>


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