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+#!/usr/bin/env perl
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+
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+# Ascetic x86_64 AT&T to MASM assembler translator by <appro>.
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+#
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+# Why AT&T to MASM and not vice versa? Several reasons. Because AT&T
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+# format is way easier to parse. Because it's simpler to "gear" from
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+# Unix ABI to Windows one [see cross-reference "card" at the end of
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+# file]. Because Linux targets were available first...
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+#
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+# In addition the script also "distills" code suitable for GNU
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+# assembler, so that it can be compiled with more rigid assemblers,
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+# such as Solaris /usr/ccs/bin/as.
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+#
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+# This translator is not designed to convert *arbitrary* assembler
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+# code from AT&T format to MASM one. It's designed to convert just
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+# enough to provide for dual-ABI OpenSSL modules development...
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+# There *are* limitations and you might have to modify your assembler
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+# code or this script to achieve the desired result...
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+#
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+# Currently recognized limitations:
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+#
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+# - can't use multiple ops per line;
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+# - indirect calls and jumps are not supported;
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+#
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+# Dual-ABI styling rules.
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+#
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+# 1. Adhere to Unix register and stack layout [see the end for
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+# explanation].
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+# 2. Forget about "red zone," stick to more traditional blended
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+# stack frame allocation. If volatile storage is actually required
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+# that is. If not, just leave the stack as is.
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+# 3. Functions tagged with ".type name,@function" get crafted with
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+# unified Windows prologue and epilogue automatically. If you want
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+# to take care of ABI differences yourself, tag functions as
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+# ".type name,@abi-omnipotent."
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+# 4. As minor optimization you can specify number of input arguments
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+# as ".type name,@function,N." Keep in mind that if N is larger
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+# than 6, then you *have to* write "abi-omnipotent" code, because
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+# it can't be resolved with unified prologue.
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+# 5. Name local labels as .L*.
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+# 6. Don't use repret, it's generated automatically.
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+
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+my $output = shift;
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+open STDOUT,">$output" || die "can't open $output: $!";
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+
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+my $masm=1 if ($output =~ /\.asm/);
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+
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+my $current_segment;
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+my $current_function;
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+
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+{ package opcode; # pick up opcodes
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+ sub re {
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+ my $self = shift; # single instance in enough...
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+ local *line = shift;
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+ undef $ret;
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+
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+ if ($line =~ /^([a-z]+)/i) {
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+ $self->{op} = $1;
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+ $ret = $self;
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+ $line = substr($line,@+[0]); $line =~ s/^\s+//;
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+
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+ undef $self->{sz};
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+ if ($self->{op} =~ /(movz)b.*/) { # movz is pain...
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+ $self->{op} = $1;
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+ $self->{sz} = "b";
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+ } elsif ($self->{op} =~ /([a-z]{3,})([qlwb])/) {
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+ $self->{op} = $1;
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+ $self->{sz} = $2;
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+ }
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+ }
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+ $ret;
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+ }
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+ sub size {
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+ my $self = shift;
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+ my $sz = shift;
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+ $self->{sz} = $sz if (defined($sz) && !defined($self->{sz}));
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+ $self->{sz};
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+ }
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+ sub out {
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+ my $self = shift;
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+ if (!$masm) {
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+ if ($self->{op} eq "movz") { # movz in pain...
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+ sprintf "%s%s%s",$self->{op},$self->{sz},shift;
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+ } elsif ($self->{op} eq "ret") {
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+ ".byte 0xf3,0xc3";
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+ } else {
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+ "$self->{op}$self->{sz}";
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+ }
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+ } else {
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+ $self->{op} =~ s/movz/movzx/;
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+ if ($self->{op} eq "ret") {
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+ $self->{op} = "";
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+ if ($current_function->{abi} eq "svr4") {
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+ $self->{op} = "mov rdi,QWORD PTR 8[rsp]\t;WIN64 epilogue\n\t".
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+ "mov rsi,QWORD PTR 16[rsp]\n\t";
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+ }
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+ $self->{op} .= "DB\t0F3h,0C3h\t\t;repret";
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+ }
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+ $self->{op};
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+ }
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+ }
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+}
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+{ package const; # pick up constants, which start with $
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+ sub re {
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+ my $self = shift; # single instance in enough...
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+ local *line = shift;
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+ undef $ret;
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+
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+ if ($line =~ /^\$([^,]+)/) {
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+ $self->{value} = $1;
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+ $ret = $self;
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+ $line = substr($line,@+[0]); $line =~ s/^\s+//;
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+ }
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+ $ret;
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+ }
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+ sub out {
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+ my $self = shift;
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+ sprintf $masm?"%s":"\$%s",$self->{value};
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+ }
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+}
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+{ package ea; # pick up effective addresses: expr(%reg,%reg,scale)
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+ sub re {
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+ my $self = shift; # single instance in enough...
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+ local *line = shift;
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+ undef $ret;
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+
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+ if ($line =~ /^([^\(,]*)\(([%\w,]+)\)/) {
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+ $self->{label} = $1;
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+ ($self->{base},$self->{index},$self->{scale})=split(/,/,$2);
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+ $self->{scale} = 1 if (!defined($self->{scale}));
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+ $ret = $self;
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+ $line = substr($line,@+[0]); $line =~ s/^\s+//;
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+
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+ $self->{label} =~ s/\.L/\$L/g;
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+ $self->{base} =~ s/^%//;
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+ $self->{index} =~ s/^%// if (defined($self->{index}));
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+ }
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+ $ret;
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+ }
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+ sub size {}
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+ sub out {
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+ my $self = shift;
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+ my $sz = shift;
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+
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+ if (!$masm) {
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+ if (defined($self->{index})) {
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+ sprintf "%s(%%%s,%%%s,%d)", $self->{label},$self->{base},
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+ $self->{index},$self->{scale};
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+ }
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+ else {
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+ sprintf "%s(%%%s)", $self->{label},$self->{base};
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+ }
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+ } else {
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+ %szmap = ( b=>"BYTE", w=>"WORD", l=>"DWORD", q=>"QWORD" );
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+
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+ if (defined($self->{index})) {
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+ sprintf "%s PTR %s[%s*%d+%s]",$szmap{$sz},
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+ $self->{label},
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+ $self->{index},$self->{scale},
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+ $self->{base};
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+ }
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+ else {
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+ sprintf "%s PTR %s[%s]",$szmap{$sz},
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+ $self->{label},$self->{base};
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+ }
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+ }
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+ }
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+}
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+{ package register; # pick up registers, which start with %.
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+ sub re {
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+ my $class = shift; # muliple instances...
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+ my $self = {};
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+ local *line = shift;
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+ undef $ret;
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+
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+ if ($line =~ /^%(\w+)/) {
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+ bless $self,$class;
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+ $self->{value} = $1;
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+ $ret = $self;
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+ $line = substr($line,@+[0]); $line =~ s/^\s+//;
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+ }
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+ $ret;
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+ }
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+ sub size {
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+ my $self = shift;
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+ undef $ret;
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+
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+ if ($self->{value} =~ /^r[\d]+b$/i) { $ret="b"; }
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+ elsif ($self->{value} =~ /^r[\d]+w$/i) { $ret="w"; }
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+ elsif ($self->{value} =~ /^r[\d]+d$/i) { $ret="l"; }
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+ elsif ($self->{value} =~ /^r[\w]+$/i) { $ret="q"; }
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+ elsif ($self->{value} =~ /^[a-d][hl]$/i){ $ret="b"; }
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+ elsif ($self->{value} =~ /^[\w]{2}l$/i) { $ret="b"; }
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+ elsif ($self->{value} =~ /^[\w]{2}$/i) { $ret="w"; }
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+ elsif ($self->{value} =~ /^e[a-z]{2}$/i){ $ret="l"; }
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+
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+ $ret;
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+ }
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+ sub out {
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+ my $self = shift;
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+ sprintf $masm?"%s":"%%%s",$self->{value};
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+ }
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+}
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+{ package label; # pick up labels, which end with :
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+ sub re {
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+ my $self = shift; # single instance is enough...
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+ local *line = shift;
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+ undef $ret;
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+
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+ if ($line =~ /(^[\.\w]+\:)/) {
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+ $self->{value} = $1;
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+ $ret = $self;
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+ $line = substr($line,@+[0]); $line =~ s/^\s+//;
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+
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+ $self->{value} =~ s/\.L/\$L/ if ($masm);
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+ }
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+ $ret;
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+ }
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+ sub out {
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+ my $self = shift;
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+
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+ if (!$masm) {
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+ $self->{value};
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+ } elsif ($self->{value} ne "$current_function->{name}:") {
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+ $self->{value};
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+ } elsif ($current_function->{abi} eq "svr4") {
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+ my $func = "$current_function->{name} PROC\n".
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+ " mov QWORD PTR 8[rsp],rdi\t;WIN64 prologue\n".
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+ " mov QWORD PTR 16[rsp],rsi\n";
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+ my $narg = $current_function->{narg};
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+ $narg=6 if (!defined($narg));
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+ $func .= " mov rdi,rcx\n" if ($narg>0);
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+ $func .= " mov rsi,rdx\n" if ($narg>1);
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+ $func .= " mov rdx,r8\n" if ($narg>2);
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+ $func .= " mov rcx,r9\n" if ($narg>3);
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+ $func .= " mov r8,QWORD PTR 40[rsp]\n" if ($narg>4);
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+ $func .= " mov r9,QWORD PTR 48[rsp]\n" if ($narg>5);
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+ $func .= "\n";
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+ } else {
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+ "$current_function->{name} PROC";
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+ }
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+ }
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+}
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+{ package expr; # pick up expressioins
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+ sub re {
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+ my $self = shift; # single instance is enough...
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+ local *line = shift;
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+ undef $ret;
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+
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+ if ($line =~ /(^[^,]+)/) {
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+ $self->{value} = $1;
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+ $ret = $self;
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+ $line = substr($line,@+[0]); $line =~ s/^\s+//;
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+
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+ $self->{value} =~ s/\.L/\$L/g if ($masm);
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+ }
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+ $ret;
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+ }
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+ sub out {
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+ my $self = shift;
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+ $self->{value};
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+ }
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+}
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+{ package directive; # pick up directives, which start with .
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+ sub re {
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+ my $self = shift; # single instance is enough...
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+ local *line = shift;
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+ undef $ret;
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+ my $dir;
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+
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+ if ($line =~ /^\s*(\.\w+)/) {
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+ if (!$masm) {
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+ $self->{value} = $1;
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+ $line =~ s/\@abi\-omnipotent/\@function/;
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+ $line =~ s/\@function.*/\@function/;
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+ $self->{value} = $line;
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+ $line = "";
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+ return $self;
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+ }
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+
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+ $dir = $1;
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+ $ret = $self;
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+ undef $self->{value};
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+ $line = substr($line,@+[0]); $line =~ s/^\s+//;
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+ SWITCH: for ($dir) {
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+ /\.(text|data)/
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+ && do { my $v=undef;
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+ $v="$current_segment\tENDS\n" if ($current_segment);
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+ $current_segment = "_$1";
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+ $current_segment =~ tr/[a-z]/[A-Z]/;
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+ $v.="$current_segment\tSEGMENT PARA";
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+ $self->{value} = $v;
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+ last;
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+ };
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+ /\.globl/ && do { $self->{value} = "PUBLIC\t".$line; last; };
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+ /\.type/ && do { ($sym,$type,$narg) = split(',',$line);
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+ if ($type eq "\@function")
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+ { undef $current_function;
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+ $current_function->{name} = $sym;
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+ $current_function->{abi} = "svr4";
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+ $current_function->{narg} = $narg;
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+ }
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+ elsif ($type eq "\@abi-omnipotent")
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+ { undef $current_function;
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+ $current_function->{name} = $sym;
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+ }
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+ last;
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+ };
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+ /\.size/ && do { if (defined($current_function))
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+ { $self->{value}="$current_function->{name}\tENDP";
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+ undef $current_function;
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+ }
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+ last;
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+ };
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+ /\.align/ && do { $self->{value} = "ALIGN\t".$line; last; };
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+ /\.(byte|value|long|quad)/
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+ && do { my @arr = split(',',$line);
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+ my $sz = substr($1,0,1);
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+ my $last = pop(@arr);
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+
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+ $sz =~ tr/bvlq/BWDQ/;
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+ $self->{value} = "\tD$sz\t";
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+ for (@arr) { $self->{value} .= sprintf"0%Xh,",oct; }
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+ $self->{value} .= sprintf"0%Xh",oct($last);
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+ last;
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+ };
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+ }
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+ $line = "";
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+ }
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+
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+ $ret;
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+ }
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+ sub out {
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+ my $self = shift;
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+ $self->{value};
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+ }
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+}
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+
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+while($line=<>) {
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+
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+ chomp($line);
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+
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+ $line =~ s/\[#!].*$//; # get rid of comments...
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+ $line =~ s/^\s+//; # ... and skip white spaces
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+
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+ undef $label;
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+ undef $opcode;
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+ undef $dst;
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+ undef $src;
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+ undef $sz;
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+
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+ if ($label=label->re(\$line)) { print $label->out(); }
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+
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+ if (directive->re(\$line)) {
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+ printf "%s",directive->out();
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+ } elsif ($opcode=opcode->re(\$line)) { ARGUMENT: {
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+
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+ if ($src=register->re(\$line)) { opcode->size($src->size()); }
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+ elsif ($src=const->re(\$line)) { }
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+ elsif ($src=ea->re(\$line)) { }
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+ elsif ($src=expr->re(\$line)) { }
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+
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+ last ARGUMENT if ($line !~ /^,/);
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+
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+ $line = substr($line,1); $line =~ s/^\s+//;
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+
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+ if ($dst=register->re(\$line)) { opcode->size($dst->size()); }
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+ elsif ($dst=const->re(\$line)) { }
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+ elsif ($dst=ea->re(\$line)) { }
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+
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+ } # ARGUMENT:
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+
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+ $sz=opcode->size();
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+
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+ if (defined($dst)) {
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+ if (!$masm) {
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+ printf "\t%s\t%s,%s", $opcode->out($dst->size()),
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+ $src->out($sz),$dst->out($sz);
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+ }
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+ else {
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+ printf "\t%s\t%s,%s", $opcode->out(),
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+ $dst->out($sz),$src->out($sz);
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+ }
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+ }
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+ elsif (defined($src)) {
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+ printf "\t%s\t%s",$opcode->out(),$src->out($sz);
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+ } else {
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+ printf "\t%s",$opcode->out();
|
|
|
+ }
|
|
|
+ }
|
|
|
+
|
|
|
+ print $line,"\n";
|
|
|
+}
|
|
|
+
|
|
|
+print "\n$current_segment\tENDS\nEND\n" if ($masm);
|
|
|
+
|
|
|
+close STDOUT;
|
|
|
+
|
|
|
+#################################################
|
|
|
+# Cross-reference x86_64 ABI "card"
|
|
|
+#
|
|
|
+# Unix Win64
|
|
|
+# %rax * *
|
|
|
+# %rbx - -
|
|
|
+# %rcx #4 #1
|
|
|
+# %rdx #3 #2
|
|
|
+# %rsi #2 -
|
|
|
+# %rdi #1 -
|
|
|
+# %rbp - -
|
|
|
+# %rsp - -
|
|
|
+# %r8 #5 #3
|
|
|
+# %r9 #6 #4
|
|
|
+# %r10 * *
|
|
|
+# %r11 * *
|
|
|
+# %r12 - -
|
|
|
+# %r13 - -
|
|
|
+# %r14 - -
|
|
|
+# %r15 - -
|
|
|
+#
|
|
|
+# (*) volatile register
|
|
|
+# (-) preserved by callee
|
|
|
+# (#) Nth argument, volatile
|
|
|
+#
|
|
|
+# In Unix terms top of stack is argument transfer area for arguments
|
|
|
+# which could not be accomodated in registers. Or in other words 7th
|
|
|
+# [integer] argument resides at 8(%rsp) upon function entry point.
|
|
|
+# 128 bytes above %rsp constitute a "red zone" which is not touched
|
|
|
+# by signal handlers and can be used as temporal storage without
|
|
|
+# allocating a frame.
|
|
|
+#
|
|
|
+# In Win64 terms N*8 bytes on top of stack is argument transfer area,
|
|
|
+# which belongs to/can be overwritten by callee. N is the number of
|
|
|
+# arguments passed to callee, *but* not less than 4! This means that
|
|
|
+# upon function entry point 5th argument resides at 40(%rsp), as well
|
|
|
+# as that 32 bytes from 8(%rsp) can always be used as temporal
|
|
|
+# storage [without allocating a frame].
|
|
|
+#
|
|
|
+# All the above means that if assembler programmer adheres to Unix
|
|
|
+# register and stack layout, but disregards the "red zone" existense,
|
|
|
+# it's possible to use following prologue and epilogue to "gear" from
|
|
|
+# Unix to Win64 ABI in leaf functions with not more than 6 arguments.
|
|
|
+#
|
|
|
+# omnipotent_function:
|
|
|
+# ifdef WIN64
|
|
|
+# movq %rdi,8(%rsp)
|
|
|
+# movq %rsi,16(%rsp)
|
|
|
+# movq %rcx,%rdi ; if 1st argument is actually present
|
|
|
+# movq %rdx,%rsi ; if 2nd argument is actually ...
|
|
|
+# movq %r8,%rdx ; if 3rd argument is ...
|
|
|
+# movq %r9,%rcx ; if 4th argument ...
|
|
|
+# movq 40(%rsp),%r8 ; if 5th ...
|
|
|
+# movq 48(%rsp),%r9 ; if 6th ...
|
|
|
+# endif
|
|
|
+# ...
|
|
|
+# ifdef WIN64
|
|
|
+# movq 8(%rsp),%rdi
|
|
|
+# movq 16(%rsp),%rsi
|
|
|
+# endif
|
|
|
+# ret
|