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- /***** spin: main.c *****/
- /* Copyright (c) 1991-2000 by Lucent Technologies - Bell Laboratories */
- /* All Rights Reserved. This software is for educational purposes only. */
- /* Permission is given to distribute this code provided that this intro- */
- /* ductory message is not removed and no monies are exchanged. */
- /* No guarantee is expressed or implied by the distribution of this code. */
- /* Software written by Gerard J. Holzmann as part of the book: */
- /* `Design and Validation of Computer Protocols,' ISBN 0-13-539925-4, */
- /* Prentice Hall, Englewood Cliffs, NJ, 07632. */
- /* Send bug-reports and/or questions to: gerard@research.bell-labs.com */
- #include <stdlib.h>
- #include "spin.h"
- #include "version.h"
- #include <signal.h>
- /* #include <malloc.h> */
- #include <time.h>
- #ifdef PC
- #include <io.h>
- #include "y_tab.h"
- #else
- #include <unistd.h>
- #include "y.tab.h"
- #endif
- extern int DstepStart, lineno, tl_terse;
- extern FILE *yyin, *yyout, *tl_out;
- extern Symbol *context;
- extern char *claimproc;
- extern void qhide(int);
- Symbol *Fname, *oFname;
- int Etimeouts=0; /* nr timeouts in program */
- int Ntimeouts=0; /* nr timeouts in never claim */
- int analyze=0, columns=0, dumptab=0, has_remote=0;
- int interactive=0, jumpsteps=0, m_loss=0, nr_errs=0;
- int s_trail=0, ntrail=0, verbose=0, xspin=0, no_print=0, no_wrapup = 0, Caccess=0;
- int limited_vis=0, like_java=0;
- int dataflow = 1, merger = 1, deadvar = 1, rvopt = 0, ccache = 1;
- int separate = 0; /* separate compilation option */
- #if 0
- meaning of flags on verbose:
- 1 -g global variable values
- 2 -l local variable values
- 4 -p all process actions
- 8 -r receives
- 16 -s sends
- 32 -v verbose
- 64 -w very verbose
- #endif
- static Element *Same;
- static int IsAsgn = 0, OrIsAsgn = 0;
- static char Operator[] = "operator: ";
- static char Keyword[] = "keyword: ";
- static char Function[] = "function-name: ";
- static char **add_ltl = (char **)0;
- static char **ltl_file = (char **)0;
- static char **nvr_file = (char **)0;
- static char *PreArg[64];
- static int PreCnt = 0;
- static char out1[64];
- static void explain(int);
- #ifndef CPP
- /* OS2: "spin -Picc -E/Pd+ -E/Q+" */
- /* Visual C++: "spin -PCL -E/E */
- #ifdef PC
- #define CPP "cpp" /* or specify a full path */
- #else
- #ifdef SOLARIS
- #define CPP "/usr/ccs/lib/cpp"
- #else
- #ifdef __FreeBSD__
- #define CPP "cpp"
- #else
- #define CPP "/bin/cpp"
- #endif
- #endif
- #endif
- #endif
- static char *PreProc = CPP;
- void
- alldone(int estatus)
- {
- if (strlen(out1) > 0)
- (void) unlink((const char *)out1);
- if (xspin && (analyze || s_trail))
- { if (estatus)
- printf("spin: %d error(s) - aborting\n",
- estatus);
- else
- printf("Exit-Status 0\n");
- }
- exit(estatus);
- }
- void
- preprocess(char *a, char *b, int a_tmp)
- { char precmd[128], cmd[256]; int i;
- #ifdef PC
- extern int try_zpp(char *, char *);
- if (try_zpp(a, b)) goto out;
- #endif
- strcpy(precmd, PreProc);
- for (i = 1; i <= PreCnt; i++)
- { strcat(precmd, " ");
- strcat(precmd, PreArg[i]);
- }
- sprintf(cmd, "%s %s > %s", precmd, a, b);
- if (system((const char *)cmd))
- { (void) unlink((const char *) b);
- if (a_tmp) (void) unlink((const char *) a);
- alldone(1); /* failed */
- }
- out: if (a_tmp) (void) unlink((const char *) a);
- }
- FILE *
- cpyfile(char *src, char *tgt)
- { FILE *inp, *out;
- char buf[1024];
- inp = fopen(src, "r");
- out = fopen(tgt, "w");
- if (!inp || !out)
- { printf("spin: cannot cp %s to %s\n", src, tgt);
- alldone(1);
- }
- while (fgets(buf, 1024, inp))
- fprintf(out, "%s", buf);
- fclose(inp);
- return out;
- }
- void
- usage(void)
- {
- printf("use: spin [-option] ... [-option] file\n");
- printf("\tNote: file must always be the last argument\n");
- printf("\t-a generate a verifier in pan.c\n");
- printf("\t-B no final state details in simulations\n");
- printf("\t-b don't execute printfs in simulation\n");
- printf("\t-C print channel access info (structview)\n");
- printf("\t-c columnated -s -r simulation output\n");
- printf("\t-d produce symbol-table information\n");
- printf("\t-Dyyy pass -Dyyy to the preprocessor\n");
- printf("\t-Eyyy pass yyy to the preprocessor\n");
- printf("\t-f \"..formula..\" translate LTL ");
- printf("into never claim\n");
- printf("\t-F file like -f, but with the LTL ");
- printf("formula stored in a 1-line file\n");
- printf("\t-g print all global variables\n");
- printf("\t-i interactive (random simulation)\n");
- printf("\t-J reverse eval order of nested unlesses\n");
- printf("\t-jN skip the first N steps ");
- printf("in simulation trail\n");
- printf("\t-l print all local variables\n");
- printf("\t-M print msc-flow in Postscript\n");
- printf("\t-m lose msgs sent to full queues\n");
- printf("\t-N file use never claim stored in file\n");
- printf("\t-nN seed for random nr generator\n");
- printf("\t-o1 turn off dataflow-optimizations in verifier\n");
- printf("\t-o2 turn off dead variables elimination in verifier\n");
- printf("\t-o3 turn off statement merging in verifier\n");
- printf("\t-Pxxx use xxx for preprocessing\n");
- printf("\t-p print all statements\n");
- printf("\t-qN suppress io for queue N in printouts\n");
- printf("\t-r print receive events\n");
- printf("\t-s print send events\n");
- printf("\t-v verbose, more warnings\n");
- printf("\t-w very verbose (when combined with -l or -g)\n");
- printf("\t-t[N] follow [Nth] simulation trail\n");
- printf("\t-[XYZ] reserved for use by xspin interface\n");
- printf("\t-V print version number and exit\n");
- alldone(1);
- }
- void
- optimizations(char nr)
- {
- switch (nr) {
- case '1':
- dataflow = 1 - dataflow; /* dataflow */
- if (verbose&32)
- printf("spin: dataflow optimizations turned %s\n",
- dataflow?"on":"off");
- break;
- case '2':
- /* dead variable elimination */
- deadvar = 1 - deadvar;
- if (verbose&32)
- printf("spin: dead variable elimination turned %s\n",
- deadvar?"on":"off");
- break;
- case '3':
- /* statement merging */
- merger = 1 - merger;
- if (verbose&32)
- printf("spin: statement merging turned %s\n",
- merger?"on":"off");
- break;
- case '4':
- /* rv optimization */
- rvopt = 1 - rvopt;
- if (verbose&32)
- printf("spin: rendezvous optimization turned %s\n",
- rvopt?"on":"off");
- break;
- case '5':
- /* case caching */
- ccache = 1 - ccache;
- if (verbose&32)
- printf("spin: case caching turned %s\n",
- ccache?"on":"off");
- break;
- default:
- printf("spin: bad or missing parameter on -o\n");
- usage();
- break;
- }
- }
- int
- main(int argc, char *argv[])
- { Symbol *s; int preprocessonly = 0;
- int T = (int) time((time_t *)0);
- int usedopts = 0;
- extern void ana_src(int, int);
- yyin = stdin;
- yyout = stdout;
- tl_out = stdout;
- /* unused flags: e, w, x, y, z, A, G, I, L, O, Q, R, S, T, W */
- while (argc > 1 && argv[1][0] == '-')
- { switch (argv[1][1]) {
- /* generate code for separate compilation: S1 or S2 */
- case 'S': separate = atoi(&argv[1][2]);
- /* fall through */
- case 'a': analyze = 1; break;
- case 'B': no_wrapup = 1; break;
- case 'b': no_print = 1; break;
- case 'C': Caccess = 1; break;
- case 'c': columns = 1; break;
- case 'D': PreArg[++PreCnt] = (char *) &argv[1][0];
- break;
- case 'd': dumptab = 1; break;
- case 'E': PreArg[++PreCnt] = (char *) &argv[1][2];
- break;
- case 'F': ltl_file = (char **) (argv+2);
- argc--; argv++; break;
- case 'f': add_ltl = (char **) argv;
- argc--; argv++; break;
- case 'g': verbose += 1; break;
- case 'i': interactive = 1; break;
- case 'J': like_java = 1; break;
- case 'j': jumpsteps = atoi(&argv[1][2]); break;
- case 'l': verbose += 2; break;
- case 'M': columns = 2; break;
- case 'm': m_loss = 1; break;
- case 'N': nvr_file = (char **) (argv+2);
- argc--; argv++; break;
- case 'n': T = atoi(&argv[1][2]); tl_terse = 1; break;
- case 'o': optimizations(argv[1][2]);
- usedopts = 1; break;
- case 'P': PreProc = (char *) &argv[1][2]; break;
- case 'p': verbose += 4; break;
- case 'q': if (isdigit(argv[1][2]))
- qhide(atoi(&argv[1][2]));
- break;
- case 'r': verbose += 8; break;
- case 's': verbose += 16; break;
- case 't': s_trail = 1;
- if (isdigit(argv[1][2]))
- ntrail = atoi(&argv[1][2]);
- break;
- case 'v': verbose += 32; break;
- case 'V': printf("%s\n", Version);
- alldone(0);
- break;
- case 'w': verbose += 64; break;
- case 'X': xspin = 1;
- #ifndef PC
- signal(SIGPIPE, alldone); /* not posix... */
- #endif
- break;
- case 'Y': limited_vis = 1; break; /* used by xspin */
- case 'Z': preprocessonly = 1; break; /* used by xspin */
- default : usage(); break;
- }
- argc--, argv++;
- }
- if (usedopts && !analyze)
- printf("spin: warning -o[123] option ignored in simulations\n");
-
- if (ltl_file)
- { char formula[4096];
- add_ltl = ltl_file-2; add_ltl[1][1] = 'f';
- if (!(tl_out = fopen(*ltl_file, "r")))
- { printf("spin: cannot open %s\n", *ltl_file);
- alldone(1);
- }
- fgets(formula, 4096, tl_out);
- fclose(tl_out);
- tl_out = stdout;
- *ltl_file = (char *) formula;
- }
- if (argc > 1)
- { char cmd[128], out2[64];
- #ifdef PC
- strcpy(out1, "_tmp1_");
- strcpy(out2, "_tmp2_");
- #else
- /* extern char *tmpnam(char *); in stdio.h */
- if (add_ltl || nvr_file)
- { /* must remain in current dir */
- strcpy(out1, "_tmp1_");
- strcpy(out2, "_tmp2_");
- } else
- { (void) tmpnam(out1);
- (void) tmpnam(out2);
- }
- #endif
- if (add_ltl)
- { tl_out = cpyfile(argv[1], out2);
- nr_errs = tl_main(2, add_ltl); /* in tl_main.c */
- fclose(tl_out);
- preprocess(out2, out1, 1);
- } else if (nvr_file)
- { FILE *fd; char buf[1024];
-
- if ((fd = fopen(*nvr_file, "r")) == NULL)
- { printf("spin: cannot open %s\n",
- *nvr_file);
- alldone(1);
- }
- tl_out = cpyfile(argv[1], out2);
- while (fgets(buf, 1024, fd))
- fprintf(tl_out, "%s", buf);
- fclose(tl_out);
- fclose(fd);
- preprocess(out2, out1, 1);
- } else
- preprocess(argv[1], out1, 0);
- if (preprocessonly)
- { (void) unlink("pan.pre"); /* remove old version */
- if (rename((const char *) out1, "pan.pre") != 0)
- { printf("spin: rename %s failed\n", out1);
- alldone(1);
- }
- alldone(0);
- }
- if (!(yyin = fopen(out1, "r")))
- { printf("spin: cannot open %s\n", out1);
- alldone(1);
- }
- if (strncmp(argv[1], "progress", 8) == 0
- || strncmp(argv[1], "accept", 6) == 0)
- sprintf(cmd, "_%s", argv[1]);
- else
- strcpy(cmd, argv[1]);
- oFname = Fname = lookup(cmd);
- if (oFname->name[0] == '\"')
- { int i = strlen(oFname->name);
- oFname->name[i-1] = '\0';
- oFname = lookup(&oFname->name[1]);
- }
- } else
- { oFname = Fname = lookup("<stdin>");
- if (add_ltl)
- { if (argc > 0)
- exit(tl_main(2, add_ltl));
- printf("spin: missing argument to -f\n");
- alldone(1);
- }
- printf("%s\n", Version);
- printf("reading input from stdin:\n");
- fflush(stdout);
- }
- if (columns == 2)
- { extern void putprelude(void);
- if (xspin || verbose&(1|4|8|16|32))
- { printf("spin: -c precludes all flags except -t\n");
- alldone(1);
- }
- putprelude();
- }
- if (columns && !(verbose&8) && !(verbose&16))
- verbose += (8+16);
- if (columns == 2 && limited_vis)
- verbose += (1+4);
- Srand(T); /* defined in run.c */
- s = lookup("_"); s->type = PREDEF; /* a write only global var */
- s = lookup("_p"); s->type = PREDEF;
- s = lookup("_pid"); s->type = PREDEF;
- s = lookup("_last"); s->type = PREDEF;
- s = lookup("_nr_pr"); s->type = PREDEF; /* new 3.3.10 */
- yyparse();
- fclose(yyin);
- chanaccess();
- if (!s_trail && (dataflow || merger))
- ana_src(dataflow, merger);
- sched();
- alldone(nr_errs);
- return 0; /* can't get here */
- }
- int
- yywrap(void) /* dummy routine */
- {
- return 1;
- }
- void
- non_fatal(char *s1, char *s2)
- { extern char yytext[];
- printf("spin: line %3d %s, Error: ",
- lineno, Fname?Fname->name:"nofilename");
- if (s2)
- printf(s1, s2);
- else
- printf(s1);
- #if 0
- if (yychar != -1 && yychar != 0)
- { printf(" saw '");
- explain(yychar);
- printf("'");
- }
- #endif
- if (yytext && strlen(yytext)>1)
- printf(" near '%s'", yytext);
- printf("\n");
- nr_errs++;
- }
- void
- fatal(char *s1, char *s2)
- {
- non_fatal(s1, s2);
- alldone(1);
- }
- char *
- emalloc(int n)
- { char *tmp;
- if (!(tmp = (char *) malloc(n)))
- fatal("not enough memory", (char *)0);
- memset(tmp, 0, n);
- return tmp;
- }
- void
- trapwonly(Lextok *n, char *s)
- { extern int realread;
- short i = (n->sym)?n->sym->type:0;
- if (i != MTYPE
- && i != BIT
- && i != BYTE
- && i != SHORT
- && i != INT
- && i != UNSIGNED)
- return;
- if (realread)
- n->sym->hidden |= 32; /* var is read at least once */
- }
- void
- setaccess(Symbol *sp, Symbol *what, int cnt, int t)
- { Access *a;
- for (a = sp->access; a; a = a->lnk)
- if (a->who == context
- && a->what == what
- && a->cnt == cnt
- && a->typ == t)
- return;
- a = (Access *) emalloc(sizeof(Access));
- a->who = context;
- a->what = what;
- a->cnt = cnt;
- a->typ = t;
- a->lnk = sp->access;
- sp->access = a;
- }
- Lextok *
- nn(Lextok *s, int t, Lextok *ll, Lextok *rl)
- { Lextok *n = (Lextok *) emalloc(sizeof(Lextok));
- n->ntyp = (short) t;
- if (s && s->fn)
- { n->ln = s->ln;
- n->fn = s->fn;
- } else if (rl && rl->fn)
- { n->ln = rl->ln;
- n->fn = rl->fn;
- } else if (ll && ll->fn)
- { n->ln = ll->ln;
- n->fn = ll->fn;
- } else
- { n->ln = lineno;
- n->fn = Fname;
- }
- if (s) n->sym = s->sym;
- n->lft = ll;
- n->rgt = rl;
- n->indstep = DstepStart;
- if (t == TIMEOUT) Etimeouts++;
- if (!context) return n;
- if (t == 'r' || t == 's')
- setaccess(n->sym, ZS, 0, t);
- if (t == 'R')
- setaccess(n->sym, ZS, 0, 'P');
- if (context->name == claimproc)
- { int forbidden = separate;
- switch (t) {
- case ASGN:
- printf("spin: Warning, never claim has side-effect\n");
- break;
- case 'r': case 's':
- non_fatal("never claim contains i/o stmnts",(char *)0);
- break;
- case TIMEOUT:
- /* never claim polls timeout */
- if (Ntimeouts && Etimeouts)
- forbidden = 0;
- Ntimeouts++; Etimeouts--;
- break;
- case LEN: case EMPTY: case FULL:
- case 'R': case NFULL: case NEMPTY:
- /* status becomes non-exclusive */
- if (n->sym && !(n->sym->xu&XX))
- { n->sym->xu |= XX;
- if (separate == 2) {
- printf("spin: warning, make sure that the S1 model\n");
- printf(" also polls channel '%s' in its claim\n",
- n->sym->name);
- } }
- forbidden = 0;
- break;
- default:
- forbidden = 0;
- break;
- }
- if (forbidden)
- { printf("spin: never, saw "); explain(t); printf("\n");
- fatal("incompatible with separate compilation",(char *)0);
- }
- } else if (t == ENABLED || t == PC_VAL)
- { printf("spin: Warning, using %s outside never-claim\n",
- (t == ENABLED)?"enabled()":"pc_value()");
- } else if (t == NONPROGRESS)
- { fatal("spin: Error, using np_ outside never-claim\n", (char *)0);
- }
- return n;
- }
- Lextok *
- rem_lab(Symbol *a, Lextok *b, Symbol *c)
- { Lextok *tmp1, *tmp2, *tmp3;
- has_remote++;
- fix_dest(c, a); /* in case target is jump */
- tmp1 = nn(ZN, '?', b, ZN); tmp1->sym = a;
- tmp1 = nn(ZN, 'p', tmp1, ZN);
- tmp1->sym = lookup("_p");
- tmp2 = nn(ZN, NAME, ZN, ZN); tmp2->sym = a;
- tmp3 = nn(ZN, 'q', tmp2, ZN); tmp3->sym = c;
- return nn(ZN, EQ, tmp1, tmp3);
- }
- static void
- explain(int n)
- { FILE *fd = stdout;
- switch (n) {
- default: if (n > 0 && n < 256)
- fprintf(fd, "%c' = '", n);
- fprintf(fd, "%d", n);
- break;
- case '\b': fprintf(fd, "\\b"); break;
- case '\t': fprintf(fd, "\\t"); break;
- case '\f': fprintf(fd, "\\f"); break;
- case '\n': fprintf(fd, "\\n"); break;
- case '\r': fprintf(fd, "\\r"); break;
- case 'c': fprintf(fd, "condition"); break;
- case 's': fprintf(fd, "send"); break;
- case 'r': fprintf(fd, "recv"); break;
- case 'R': fprintf(fd, "recv poll %s", Operator); break;
- case '@': fprintf(fd, "@"); break;
- case '?': fprintf(fd, "(x->y:z)"); break;
- case ACTIVE: fprintf(fd, "%sactive", Keyword); break;
- case AND: fprintf(fd, "%s&&", Operator); break;
- case ASGN: fprintf(fd, "%s=", Operator); break;
- case ASSERT: fprintf(fd, "%sassert", Function); break;
- case ATOMIC: fprintf(fd, "%satomic", Keyword); break;
- case BREAK: fprintf(fd, "%sbreak", Keyword); break;
- case CLAIM: fprintf(fd, "%snever", Keyword); break;
- case CONST: fprintf(fd, "a constant"); break;
- case DECR: fprintf(fd, "%s--", Operator); break;
- case D_STEP: fprintf(fd, "%sd_step", Keyword); break;
- case DO: fprintf(fd, "%sdo", Keyword); break;
- case DOT: fprintf(fd, "."); break;
- case ELSE: fprintf(fd, "%selse", Keyword); break;
- case EMPTY: fprintf(fd, "%sempty", Function); break;
- case ENABLED: fprintf(fd, "%senabled",Function); break;
- case EQ: fprintf(fd, "%s==", Operator); break;
- case EVAL: fprintf(fd, "%seval", Function); break;
- case FI: fprintf(fd, "%sfi", Keyword); break;
- case FULL: fprintf(fd, "%sfull", Function); break;
- case GE: fprintf(fd, "%s>=", Operator); break;
- case GOTO: fprintf(fd, "%sgoto", Keyword); break;
- case GT: fprintf(fd, "%s>", Operator); break;
- case IF: fprintf(fd, "%sif", Keyword); break;
- case INCR: fprintf(fd, "%s++", Operator); break;
- case INAME: fprintf(fd, "inline name"); break;
- case INLINE: fprintf(fd, "%sinline", Keyword); break;
- case INIT: fprintf(fd, "%sinit", Keyword); break;
- case LABEL: fprintf(fd, "a label-name"); break;
- case LE: fprintf(fd, "%s<=", Operator); break;
- case LEN: fprintf(fd, "%slen", Function); break;
- case LSHIFT: fprintf(fd, "%s<<", Operator); break;
- case LT: fprintf(fd, "%s<", Operator); break;
- case MTYPE: fprintf(fd, "%smtype", Keyword); break;
- case NAME: fprintf(fd, "an identifier"); break;
- case NE: fprintf(fd, "%s!=", Operator); break;
- case NEG: fprintf(fd, "%s! (not)",Operator); break;
- case NEMPTY: fprintf(fd, "%snempty", Function); break;
- case NFULL: fprintf(fd, "%snfull", Function); break;
- case NON_ATOMIC: fprintf(fd, "sub-sequence"); break;
- case NONPROGRESS: fprintf(fd, "%snp_", Function); break;
- case OD: fprintf(fd, "%sod", Keyword); break;
- case OF: fprintf(fd, "%sof", Keyword); break;
- case OR: fprintf(fd, "%s||", Operator); break;
- case O_SND: fprintf(fd, "%s!!", Operator); break;
- case PC_VAL: fprintf(fd, "%spc_value",Function); break;
- case PNAME: fprintf(fd, "process name"); break;
- case PRINT: fprintf(fd, "%sprintf", Function); break;
- case PROCTYPE: fprintf(fd, "%sproctype",Keyword); break;
- case RCV: fprintf(fd, "%s?", Operator); break;
- case R_RCV: fprintf(fd, "%s??", Operator); break;
- case RSHIFT: fprintf(fd, "%s>>", Operator); break;
- case RUN: fprintf(fd, "%srun", Operator); break;
- case SEP: fprintf(fd, "token: ::"); break;
- case SEMI: fprintf(fd, ";"); break;
- case SND: fprintf(fd, "%s!", Operator); break;
- case STRING: fprintf(fd, "a string"); break;
- case TIMEOUT: fprintf(fd, "%stimeout",Keyword); break;
- case TYPE: fprintf(fd, "data typename"); break;
- case TYPEDEF: fprintf(fd, "%stypedef",Keyword); break;
- case XU: fprintf(fd, "%sx[rs]", Keyword); break;
- case UMIN: fprintf(fd, "%s- (unary minus)", Operator); break;
- case UNAME: fprintf(fd, "a typename"); break;
- case UNLESS: fprintf(fd, "%sunless", Keyword); break;
- }
- }
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