nextcloud-server/lib/private/Files/Storage/Wrapper/Encryption.php

<?php
/**
 * @copyright Copyright (c) 2016, ownCloud, Inc.
 *
 * @author Arthur Schiwon <blizzz@arthur-schiwon.de>
 * @author Bjoern Schiessle <bjoern@schiessle.org>
 * @author Björn Schießle <bjoern@schiessle.org>
 * @author Christoph Wurst <christoph@winzerhof-wurst.at>
 * @author J0WI <J0WI@users.noreply.github.com>
 * @author jknockaert <jasper@knockaert.nl>
 * @author Joas Schilling <coding@schilljs.com>
 * @author Lukas Reschke <lukas@statuscode.ch>
 * @author Morris Jobke <hey@morrisjobke.de>
 * @author Piotr M <mrow4a@yahoo.com>
 * @author Robin Appelman <robin@icewind.nl>
 * @author Roeland Jago Douma <roeland@famdouma.nl>
 * @author Thomas Müller <thomas.mueller@tmit.eu>
 * @author Tigran Mkrtchyan <tigran.mkrtchyan@desy.de>
 * @author Vincent Petry <vincent@nextcloud.com>
 *
 * @license AGPL-3.0
 *
 * This code is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
 * it under the terms of the GNU Affero General Public License, version 3,
 * as published by the Free Software Foundation.
 *
 * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
 * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
 * GNU Affero General Public License for more details.
 *
 * You should have received a copy of the GNU Affero General Public License, version 3,
 * along with this program. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>
 *
 */

namespace OC\Files\Storage\Wrapper;

use OC\Encryption\Exceptions\ModuleDoesNotExistsException;
use OC\Encryption\Update;
use OC\Encryption\Util;
use OC\Files\Cache\CacheEntry;
use OC\Files\Filesystem;
use OC\Files\Mount\Manager;
use OC\Files\ObjectStore\ObjectStoreStorage;
use OC\Files\Storage\LocalTempFileTrait;
use OC\Memcache\ArrayCache;
use OCP\Encryption\Exceptions\GenericEncryptionException;
use OCP\Encryption\IFile;
use OCP\Encryption\IManager;
use OCP\Encryption\Keys\IStorage;
use OCP\Files\Cache\ICacheEntry;
use OCP\Files\Mount\IMountPoint;
use OCP\Files\Storage;
use Psr\Log\LoggerInterface;

class Encryption extends Wrapper {
	use LocalTempFileTrait;

	/** @var string */
	private $mountPoint;

	/** @var \OC\Encryption\Util */
	private $util;

	/** @var \OCP\Encryption\IManager */
	private $encryptionManager;

	private LoggerInterface $logger;

	/** @var string */
	private $uid;

	/** @var array */
	protected $unencryptedSize;

	/** @var \OCP\Encryption\IFile */
	private $fileHelper;

	/** @var IMountPoint */
	private $mount;

	/** @var IStorage */
	private $keyStorage;

	/** @var Update */
	private $update;

	/** @var Manager */
	private $mountManager;

	/** @var array remember for which path we execute the repair step to avoid recursions */
	private $fixUnencryptedSizeOf = [];

	/** @var  ArrayCache */
	private $arrayCache;

	/**
	 * @param array $parameters
	 */
	public function __construct(
		$parameters,
		IManager $encryptionManager = null,
		Util $util = null,
		LoggerInterface $logger = null,
		IFile $fileHelper = null,
		$uid = null,
		IStorage $keyStorage = null,
		Update $update = null,
		Manager $mountManager = null,
		ArrayCache $arrayCache = null
	) {
		$this->mountPoint = $parameters['mountPoint'];
		$this->mount = $parameters['mount'];
		$this->encryptionManager = $encryptionManager;
		$this->util = $util;
		$this->logger = $logger;
		$this->uid = $uid;
		$this->fileHelper = $fileHelper;
		$this->keyStorage = $keyStorage;
		$this->unencryptedSize = [];
		$this->update = $update;
		$this->mountManager = $mountManager;
		$this->arrayCache = $arrayCache;
		parent::__construct($parameters);
	}

	/**
	 * see https://www.php.net/manual/en/function.filesize.php
	 * The result for filesize when called on a folder is required to be 0
	 *
	 * @param string $path
	 * @return int
	 */
	public function filesize($path) {
		$fullPath = $this->getFullPath($path);

		/** @var CacheEntry $info */
		$info = $this->getCache()->get($path);
		if (isset($this->unencryptedSize[$fullPath])) {
			$size = $this->unencryptedSize[$fullPath];
			// update file cache
			if ($info instanceof ICacheEntry) {
				$info['encrypted'] = $info['encryptedVersion'];
			} else {
				if (!is_array($info)) {
					$info = [];
				}
				$info['encrypted'] = true;
				$info = new CacheEntry($info);
			}

			if ($size !== $info->getUnencryptedSize()) {
				$this->getCache()->update($info->getId(), [
					'unencrypted_size' => $size
				]);
			}

			return $size;
		}

		if (isset($info['fileid']) && $info['encrypted']) {
			return $this->verifyUnencryptedSize($path, $info->getUnencryptedSize());
		}

		return $this->storage->filesize($path);
	}

	/**
	 * @param string $path
	 * @param array $data
	 * @return array
	 */
	private function modifyMetaData(string $path, array $data): array {
		$fullPath = $this->getFullPath($path);
		$info = $this->getCache()->get($path);

		if (isset($this->unencryptedSize[$fullPath])) {
			$data['encrypted'] = true;
			$data['size'] = $this->unencryptedSize[$fullPath];
		} else {
			if (isset($info['fileid']) && $info['encrypted']) {
				$data['size'] = $this->verifyUnencryptedSize($path, $info->getUnencryptedSize());
				$data['encrypted'] = true;
			}
		}

		if (isset($info['encryptedVersion']) && $info['encryptedVersion'] > 1) {
			$data['encryptedVersion'] = $info['encryptedVersion'];
		}

		return $data;
	}

	public function getMetaData($path) {
		$data = $this->storage->getMetaData($path);
		if (is_null($data)) {
			return null;
		}
		return $this->modifyMetaData($path, $data);
	}

	public function getDirectoryContent($directory): \Traversable {
		$parent = rtrim($directory, '/');
		foreach ($this->getWrapperStorage()->getDirectoryContent($directory) as $data) {
			yield $this->modifyMetaData($parent . '/' . $data['name'], $data);
		}
	}

	/**
	 * see https://www.php.net/manual/en/function.file_get_contents.php
	 *
	 * @param string $path
	 * @return string
	 */
	public function file_get_contents($path) {
		$encryptionModule = $this->getEncryptionModule($path);

		if ($encryptionModule) {
			$handle = $this->fopen($path, "r");
			if (!$handle) {
				return false;
			}
			$data = stream_get_contents($handle);
			fclose($handle);
			return $data;
		}
		return $this->storage->file_get_contents($path);
	}

	/**
	 * see https://www.php.net/manual/en/function.file_put_contents.php
	 *
	 * @param string $path
	 * @param mixed $data
	 * @return int|false
	 */
	public function file_put_contents($path, $data) {
		// file put content will always be translated to a stream write
		$handle = $this->fopen($path, 'w');
		if (is_resource($handle)) {
			$written = fwrite($handle, $data);
			fclose($handle);
			return $written;
		}

		return false;
	}

	/**
	 * see https://www.php.net/manual/en/function.unlink.php
	 *
	 * @param string $path
	 * @return bool
	 */
	public function unlink($path) {
		$fullPath = $this->getFullPath($path);
		if ($this->util->isExcluded($fullPath)) {
			return $this->storage->unlink($path);
		}

		$encryptionModule = $this->getEncryptionModule($path);
		if ($encryptionModule) {
			$this->keyStorage->deleteAllFileKeys($fullPath);
		}

		return $this->storage->unlink($path);
	}

	/**
	 * see https://www.php.net/manual/en/function.rename.php
	 *
	 * @param string $source
	 * @param string $target
	 * @return bool
	 */
	public function rename($source, $target) {
		$result = $this->storage->rename($source, $target);

		if ($result &&
			// versions always use the keys from the original file, so we can skip
			// this step for versions
			$this->isVersion($target) === false &&
			$this->encryptionManager->isEnabled()) {
			$sourcePath = $this->getFullPath($source);
			if (!$this->util->isExcluded($sourcePath)) {
				$targetPath = $this->getFullPath($target);
				if (isset($this->unencryptedSize[$sourcePath])) {
					$this->unencryptedSize[$targetPath] = $this->unencryptedSize[$sourcePath];
				}
				$this->keyStorage->renameKeys($sourcePath, $targetPath);
				$module = $this->getEncryptionModule($target);
				if ($module) {
					$module->update($targetPath, $this->uid, []);
				}
			}
		}

		return $result;
	}

	/**
	 * see https://www.php.net/manual/en/function.rmdir.php
	 *
	 * @param string $path
	 * @return bool
	 */
	public function rmdir($path) {
		$result = $this->storage->rmdir($path);
		$fullPath = $this->getFullPath($path);
		if ($result &&
			$this->util->isExcluded($fullPath) === false &&
			$this->encryptionManager->isEnabled()
		) {
			$this->keyStorage->deleteAllFileKeys($fullPath);
		}

		return $result;
	}

	/**
	 * check if a file can be read
	 *
	 * @param string $path
	 * @return bool
	 */
	public function isReadable($path) {
		$isReadable = true;

		$metaData = $this->getMetaData($path);
		if (
			!$this->is_dir($path) &&
			isset($metaData['encrypted']) &&
			$metaData['encrypted'] === true
		) {
			$fullPath = $this->getFullPath($path);
			$module = $this->getEncryptionModule($path);
			$isReadable = $module->isReadable($fullPath, $this->uid);
		}

		return $this->storage->isReadable($path) && $isReadable;
	}

	/**
	 * see https://www.php.net/manual/en/function.copy.php
	 *
	 * @param string $source
	 * @param string $target
	 */
	public function copy($source, $target): bool {
		$sourcePath = $this->getFullPath($source);

		if ($this->util->isExcluded($sourcePath)) {
			return $this->storage->copy($source, $target);
		}

		// need to stream copy file by file in case we copy between a encrypted
		// and a unencrypted storage
		$this->unlink($target);
		return $this->copyFromStorage($this, $source, $target);
	}

	/**
	 * see https://www.php.net/manual/en/function.fopen.php
	 *
	 * @param string $path
	 * @param string $mode
	 * @return resource|bool
	 * @throws GenericEncryptionException
	 * @throws ModuleDoesNotExistsException
	 */
	public function fopen($path, $mode) {

		// check if the file is stored in the array cache, this means that we
		// copy a file over to the versions folder, in this case we don't want to
		// decrypt it
		if ($this->arrayCache->hasKey('encryption_copy_version_' . $path)) {
			$this->arrayCache->remove('encryption_copy_version_' . $path);
			return $this->storage->fopen($path, $mode);
		}

		$encryptionEnabled = $this->encryptionManager->isEnabled();
		$shouldEncrypt = false;
		$encryptionModule = null;
		$header = $this->getHeader($path);
		$signed = isset($header['signed']) && $header['signed'] === 'true';
		$fullPath = $this->getFullPath($path);
		$encryptionModuleId = $this->util->getEncryptionModuleId($header);

		if ($this->util->isExcluded($fullPath) === false) {
			$size = $unencryptedSize = 0;
			$realFile = $this->util->stripPartialFileExtension($path);
			$targetExists = $this->is_file($realFile) || $this->file_exists($path);
			$targetIsEncrypted = false;
			if ($targetExists) {
				// in case the file exists we require the explicit module as
				// specified in the file header - otherwise we need to fail hard to
				// prevent data loss on client side
				if (!empty($encryptionModuleId)) {
					$targetIsEncrypted = true;
					$encryptionModule = $this->encryptionManager->getEncryptionModule($encryptionModuleId);
				}

				if ($this->file_exists($path)) {
					$size = $this->storage->filesize($path);
					$unencryptedSize = $this->filesize($path);
				} else {
					$size = $unencryptedSize = 0;
				}
			}

			try {
				if (
					$mode === 'w'
					|| $mode === 'w+'
					|| $mode === 'wb'
					|| $mode === 'wb+'
				) {
					// if we update a encrypted file with a un-encrypted one we change the db flag
					if ($targetIsEncrypted && $encryptionEnabled === false) {
						$cache = $this->storage->getCache();
						if ($cache) {
							$entry = $cache->get($path);
							$cache->update($entry->getId(), ['encrypted' => 0]);
						}
					}
					if ($encryptionEnabled) {
						// if $encryptionModuleId is empty, the default module will be used
						$encryptionModule = $this->encryptionManager->getEncryptionModule($encryptionModuleId);
						$shouldEncrypt = $encryptionModule->shouldEncrypt($fullPath);
						$signed = true;
					}
				} else {
					$info = $this->getCache()->get($path);
					// only get encryption module if we found one in the header
					// or if file should be encrypted according to the file cache
					if (!empty($encryptionModuleId)) {
						$encryptionModule = $this->encryptionManager->getEncryptionModule($encryptionModuleId);
						$shouldEncrypt = true;
					} elseif (empty($encryptionModuleId) && $info['encrypted'] === true) {
						// we come from a old installation. No header and/or no module defined
						// but the file is encrypted. In this case we need to use the
						// OC_DEFAULT_MODULE to read the file
						$encryptionModule = $this->encryptionManager->getEncryptionModule('OC_DEFAULT_MODULE');
						$shouldEncrypt = true;
						$targetIsEncrypted = true;
					}
				}
			} catch (ModuleDoesNotExistsException $e) {
				$this->logger->warning('Encryption module "' . $encryptionModuleId . '" not found, file will be stored unencrypted', [
					'exception' => $e,
					'app' => 'core',
				]);
			}

			// encryption disabled on write of new file and write to existing unencrypted file -> don't encrypt
			if (!$encryptionEnabled || !$this->shouldEncrypt($path)) {
				if (!$targetExists || !$targetIsEncrypted) {
					$shouldEncrypt = false;
				}
			}

			if ($shouldEncrypt === true && $encryptionModule !== null) {
				$headerSize = $this->getHeaderSize($path);
				$source = $this->storage->fopen($path, $mode);
				if (!is_resource($source)) {
					return false;
				}
				$handle = \OC\Files\Stream\Encryption::wrap($source, $path, $fullPath, $header,
					$this->uid, $encryptionModule, $this->storage, $this, $this->util, $this->fileHelper, $mode,
					$size, $unencryptedSize, $headerSize, $signed);

				return $handle;
			}
		}

		return $this->storage->fopen($path, $mode);
	}


	/**
	 * perform some plausibility checks if the the unencrypted size is correct.
	 * If not, we calculate the correct unencrypted size and return it
	 *
	 * @param string $path internal path relative to the storage root
	 * @param int $unencryptedSize size of the unencrypted file
	 *
	 * @return int unencrypted size
	 */
	protected function verifyUnencryptedSize(string $path, int $unencryptedSize): int {
		$size = $this->storage->filesize($path);
		$result = $unencryptedSize;

		if ($unencryptedSize < 0 ||
			($size > 0 && $unencryptedSize === $size)
		) {
			// check if we already calculate the unencrypted size for the
			// given path to avoid recursions
			if (isset($this->fixUnencryptedSizeOf[$this->getFullPath($path)]) === false) {
				$this->fixUnencryptedSizeOf[$this->getFullPath($path)] = true;
				try {
					$result = $this->fixUnencryptedSize($path, $size, $unencryptedSize);
				} catch (\Exception $e) {
					$this->logger->error('Couldn\'t re-calculate unencrypted size for ' . $path, ['exception' => $e]);
				}
				unset($this->fixUnencryptedSizeOf[$this->getFullPath($path)]);
			}
		}

		return $result;
	}

	/**
	 * calculate the unencrypted size
	 *
	 * @param string $path internal path relative to the storage root
	 * @param int $size size of the physical file
	 * @param int $unencryptedSize size of the unencrypted file
	 *
	 * @return int calculated unencrypted size
	 */
	protected function fixUnencryptedSize(string $path, int $size, int $unencryptedSize): int {
		$headerSize = $this->getHeaderSize($path);
		$header = $this->getHeader($path);
		$encryptionModule = $this->getEncryptionModule($path);

		$stream = $this->storage->fopen($path, 'r');

		// if we couldn't open the file we return the old unencrypted size
		if (!is_resource($stream)) {
			$this->logger->error('Could not open ' . $path . '. Recalculation of unencrypted size aborted.');
			return $unencryptedSize;
		}

		$newUnencryptedSize = 0;
		$size -= $headerSize;
		$blockSize = $this->util->getBlockSize();

		// if a header exists we skip it
		if ($headerSize > 0) {
			$this->fread_block($stream, $headerSize);
		}

		// fast path, else the calculation for $lastChunkNr is bogus
		if ($size === 0) {
			return 0;
		}

		$signed = isset($header['signed']) && $header['signed'] === 'true';
		$unencryptedBlockSize = $encryptionModule->getUnencryptedBlockSize($signed);

		// calculate last chunk nr
		// next highest is end of chunks, one subtracted is last one
		// we have to read the last chunk, we can't just calculate it (because of padding etc)

		$lastChunkNr = ceil($size / $blockSize) - 1;
		// calculate last chunk position
		$lastChunkPos = ($lastChunkNr * $blockSize);
		// try to fseek to the last chunk, if it fails we have to read the whole file
		if (@fseek($stream, $lastChunkPos, SEEK_CUR) === 0) {
			$newUnencryptedSize += $lastChunkNr * $unencryptedBlockSize;
		}

		$lastChunkContentEncrypted = '';
		$count = $blockSize;

		while ($count > 0) {
			$data = $this->fread_block($stream, $blockSize);
			$count = strlen($data);
			$lastChunkContentEncrypted .= $data;
			if (strlen($lastChunkContentEncrypted) > $blockSize) {
				$newUnencryptedSize += $unencryptedBlockSize;
				$lastChunkContentEncrypted = substr($lastChunkContentEncrypted, $blockSize);
			}
		}

		fclose($stream);

		// we have to decrypt the last chunk to get it actual size
		$encryptionModule->begin($this->getFullPath($path), $this->uid, 'r', $header, []);
		$decryptedLastChunk = $encryptionModule->decrypt($lastChunkContentEncrypted, $lastChunkNr . 'end');
		$decryptedLastChunk .= $encryptionModule->end($this->getFullPath($path), $lastChunkNr . 'end');

		// calc the real file size with the size of the last chunk
		$newUnencryptedSize += strlen($decryptedLastChunk);

		$this->updateUnencryptedSize($this->getFullPath($path), $newUnencryptedSize);

		// write to cache if applicable
		$cache = $this->storage->getCache();
		if ($cache) {
			$entry = $cache->get($path);
			$cache->update($entry['fileid'], [
				'unencrypted_size' => $newUnencryptedSize
			]);
		}

		return $newUnencryptedSize;
	}

	/**
	 * fread_block
	 *
	 * This function is a wrapper around the fread function.  It is based on the
	 * stream_read_block function from lib/private/Files/Streams/Encryption.php
	 * It calls stream read until the requested $blockSize was received or no remaining data is present.
	 * This is required as stream_read only returns smaller chunks of data when the stream fetches from a
	 * remote storage over the internet and it does not care about the given $blockSize.
	 *
	 * @param handle the stream to read from
	 * @param int $blockSize Length of requested data block in bytes
	 * @return string Data fetched from stream.
	 */
	private function fread_block($handle, int $blockSize): string {
		$remaining = $blockSize;
		$data = '';

		do {
			$chunk = fread($handle, $remaining);
			$chunk_len = strlen($chunk);
			$data .= $chunk;
			$remaining -= $chunk_len;
		} while (($remaining > 0) && ($chunk_len > 0));

		return $data;
	}

	/**
	 * @param Storage\IStorage $sourceStorage
	 * @param string $sourceInternalPath
	 * @param string $targetInternalPath
	 * @param bool $preserveMtime
	 * @return bool
	 */
	public function moveFromStorage(
		Storage\IStorage $sourceStorage,
		$sourceInternalPath,
		$targetInternalPath,
		$preserveMtime = true
	) {
		if ($sourceStorage === $this) {
			return $this->rename($sourceInternalPath, $targetInternalPath);
		}

		// TODO clean this up once the underlying moveFromStorage in OC\Files\Storage\Wrapper\Common is fixed:
		// - call $this->storage->moveFromStorage() instead of $this->copyBetweenStorage
		// - copy the file cache update from  $this->copyBetweenStorage to this method
		// - copy the copyKeys() call from  $this->copyBetweenStorage to this method
		// - remove $this->copyBetweenStorage

		if (!$sourceStorage->isDeletable($sourceInternalPath)) {
			return false;
		}

		$result = $this->copyBetweenStorage($sourceStorage, $sourceInternalPath, $targetInternalPath, $preserveMtime, true);
		if ($result) {
			if ($sourceStorage->is_dir($sourceInternalPath)) {
				$result &= $sourceStorage->rmdir($sourceInternalPath);
			} else {
				$result &= $sourceStorage->unlink($sourceInternalPath);
			}
		}
		return $result;
	}


	/**
	 * @param Storage\IStorage $sourceStorage
	 * @param string $sourceInternalPath
	 * @param string $targetInternalPath
	 * @param bool $preserveMtime
	 * @param bool $isRename
	 * @return bool
	 */
	public function copyFromStorage(
		Storage\IStorage $sourceStorage,
		$sourceInternalPath,
		$targetInternalPath,
		$preserveMtime = false,
		$isRename = false
	) {

		// TODO clean this up once the underlying moveFromStorage in OC\Files\Storage\Wrapper\Common is fixed:
		// - call $this->storage->copyFromStorage() instead of $this->copyBetweenStorage
		// - copy the file cache update from  $this->copyBetweenStorage to this method
		// - copy the copyKeys() call from  $this->copyBetweenStorage to this method
		// - remove $this->copyBetweenStorage

		return $this->copyBetweenStorage($sourceStorage, $sourceInternalPath, $targetInternalPath, $preserveMtime, $isRename);
	}

	/**
	 * Update the encrypted cache version in the database
	 *
	 * @param Storage\IStorage $sourceStorage
	 * @param string $sourceInternalPath
	 * @param string $targetInternalPath
	 * @param bool $isRename
	 * @param bool $keepEncryptionVersion
	 */
	private function updateEncryptedVersion(
		Storage\IStorage $sourceStorage,
		$sourceInternalPath,
		$targetInternalPath,
		$isRename,
		$keepEncryptionVersion
	) {
		$isEncrypted = $this->encryptionManager->isEnabled() && $this->shouldEncrypt($targetInternalPath);
		$cacheInformation = [
			'encrypted' => $isEncrypted,
		];
		if ($isEncrypted) {
			$sourceCacheEntry = $sourceStorage->getCache()->get($sourceInternalPath);
			$targetCacheEntry = $this->getCache()->get($targetInternalPath);

			// Rename of the cache already happened, so we do the cleanup on the target
			if ($sourceCacheEntry === false && $targetCacheEntry !== false) {
				$encryptedVersion = $targetCacheEntry['encryptedVersion'];
				$isRename = false;
			} else {
				$encryptedVersion = $sourceCacheEntry['encryptedVersion'];
			}

			// In case of a move operation from an unencrypted to an encrypted
			// storage the old encrypted version would stay with "0" while the
			// correct value would be "1". Thus we manually set the value to "1"
			// for those cases.
			// See also https://github.com/owncloud/core/issues/23078
			if ($encryptedVersion === 0 || !$keepEncryptionVersion) {
				$encryptedVersion = 1;
			}

			$cacheInformation['encryptedVersion'] = $encryptedVersion;
		}

		// in case of a rename we need to manipulate the source cache because
		// this information will be kept for the new target
		if ($isRename) {
			$sourceStorage->getCache()->put($sourceInternalPath, $cacheInformation);
		} else {
			$this->getCache()->put($targetInternalPath, $cacheInformation);
		}
	}

	/**
	 * copy file between two storages
	 *
	 * @param Storage\IStorage $sourceStorage
	 * @param string $sourceInternalPath
	 * @param string $targetInternalPath
	 * @param bool $preserveMtime
	 * @param bool $isRename
	 * @return bool
	 * @throws \Exception
	 */
	private function copyBetweenStorage(
		Storage\IStorage $sourceStorage,
		$sourceInternalPath,
		$targetInternalPath,
		$preserveMtime,
		$isRename
	) {

		// for versions we have nothing to do, because versions should always use the
		// key from the original file. Just create a 1:1 copy and done
		if ($this->isVersion($targetInternalPath) ||
			$this->isVersion($sourceInternalPath)) {
			// remember that we try to create a version so that we can detect it during
			// fopen($sourceInternalPath) and by-pass the encryption in order to
			// create a 1:1 copy of the file
			$this->arrayCache->set('encryption_copy_version_' . $sourceInternalPath, true);
			$result = $this->storage->copyFromStorage($sourceStorage, $sourceInternalPath, $targetInternalPath);
			$this->arrayCache->remove('encryption_copy_version_' . $sourceInternalPath);
			if ($result) {
				$info = $this->getCache('', $sourceStorage)->get($sourceInternalPath);
				// make sure that we update the unencrypted size for the version
				if (isset($info['encrypted']) && $info['encrypted'] === true) {
					$this->updateUnencryptedSize(
						$this->getFullPath($targetInternalPath),
						$info->getUnencryptedSize()
					);
				}
				$this->updateEncryptedVersion($sourceStorage, $sourceInternalPath, $targetInternalPath, $isRename, true);
			}
			return $result;
		}

		// first copy the keys that we reuse the existing file key on the target location
		// and don't create a new one which would break versions for example.
		$mount = $this->mountManager->findByStorageId($sourceStorage->getId());
		if (count($mount) === 1) {
			$mountPoint = $mount[0]->getMountPoint();
			$source = $mountPoint . '/' . $sourceInternalPath;
			$target = $this->getFullPath($targetInternalPath);
			$this->copyKeys($source, $target);
		} else {
			$this->logger->error('Could not find mount point, can\'t keep encryption keys');
		}

		if ($sourceStorage->is_dir($sourceInternalPath)) {
			$dh = $sourceStorage->opendir($sourceInternalPath);
			if (!$this->is_dir($targetInternalPath)) {
				$result = $this->mkdir($targetInternalPath);
			} else {
				$result = true;
			}
			if (is_resource($dh)) {
				while ($result and ($file = readdir($dh)) !== false) {
					if (!Filesystem::isIgnoredDir($file)) {
						$result &= $this->copyFromStorage($sourceStorage, $sourceInternalPath . '/' . $file, $targetInternalPath . '/' . $file, false, $isRename);
					}
				}
			}
		} else {
			try {
				$source = $sourceStorage->fopen($sourceInternalPath, 'r');
				$target = $this->fopen($targetInternalPath, 'w');
				[, $result] = \OC_Helper::streamCopy($source, $target);
				fclose($source);
				fclose($target);
			} catch (\Exception $e) {
				if (is_resource($source)) {
					fclose($source);
				}
				if (is_resource($target)) {
					fclose($target);
				}
				throw $e;
			}
			if ($result) {
				if ($preserveMtime) {
					$this->touch($targetInternalPath, $sourceStorage->filemtime($sourceInternalPath));
				}
				$this->updateEncryptedVersion($sourceStorage, $sourceInternalPath, $targetInternalPath, $isRename, false);
			} else {
				// delete partially written target file
				$this->unlink($targetInternalPath);
				// delete cache entry that was created by fopen
				$this->getCache()->remove($targetInternalPath);
			}
		}
		return (bool)$result;
	}

	public function getLocalFile($path) {
		if ($this->encryptionManager->isEnabled()) {
			$cachedFile = $this->getCachedFile($path);
			if (is_string($cachedFile)) {
				return $cachedFile;
			}
		}
		return $this->storage->getLocalFile($path);
	}

	public function isLocal() {
		if ($this->encryptionManager->isEnabled()) {
			return false;
		}
		return $this->storage->isLocal();
	}

	public function stat($path) {
		$stat = $this->storage->stat($path);
		if (!$stat) {
			return false;
		}
		$fileSize = $this->filesize($path);
		$stat['size'] = $fileSize;
		$stat[7] = $fileSize;
		$stat['hasHeader'] = $this->getHeaderSize($path) > 0;
		return $stat;
	}

	public function hash($type, $path, $raw = false) {
		$fh = $this->fopen($path, 'rb');
		$ctx = hash_init($type);
		hash_update_stream($ctx, $fh);
		fclose($fh);
		return hash_final($ctx, $raw);
	}

	/**
	 * return full path, including mount point
	 *
	 * @param string $path relative to mount point
	 * @return string full path including mount point
	 */
	protected function getFullPath($path) {
		return Filesystem::normalizePath($this->mountPoint . '/' . $path);
	}

	/**
	 * read first block of encrypted file, typically this will contain the
	 * encryption header
	 *
	 * @param string $path
	 * @return string
	 */
	protected function readFirstBlock($path) {
		$firstBlock = '';
		if ($this->storage->is_file($path)) {
			$handle = $this->storage->fopen($path, 'r');
			$firstBlock = fread($handle, $this->util->getHeaderSize());
			fclose($handle);
		}
		return $firstBlock;
	}

	/**
	 * return header size of given file
	 *
	 * @param string $path
	 * @return int
	 */
	protected function getHeaderSize($path) {
		$headerSize = 0;
		$realFile = $this->util->stripPartialFileExtension($path);
		if ($this->storage->is_file($realFile)) {
			$path = $realFile;
		}
		$firstBlock = $this->readFirstBlock($path);

		if (substr($firstBlock, 0, strlen(Util::HEADER_START)) === Util::HEADER_START) {
			$headerSize = $this->util->getHeaderSize();
		}

		return $headerSize;
	}

	/**
	 * parse raw header to array
	 *
	 * @param string $rawHeader
	 * @return array
	 */
	protected function parseRawHeader($rawHeader) {
		$result = [];
		if (substr($rawHeader, 0, strlen(Util::HEADER_START)) === Util::HEADER_START) {
			$header = $rawHeader;
			$endAt = strpos($header, Util::HEADER_END);
			if ($endAt !== false) {
				$header = substr($header, 0, $endAt + strlen(Util::HEADER_END));

				// +1 to not start with an ':' which would result in empty element at the beginning
				$exploded = explode(':', substr($header, strlen(Util::HEADER_START) + 1));

				$element = array_shift($exploded);
				while ($element !== Util::HEADER_END) {
					$result[$element] = array_shift($exploded);
					$element = array_shift($exploded);
				}
			}
		}

		return $result;
	}

	/**
	 * read header from file
	 *
	 * @param string $path
	 * @return array
	 */
	protected function getHeader($path) {
		$realFile = $this->util->stripPartialFileExtension($path);
		$exists = $this->storage->is_file($realFile);
		if ($exists) {
			$path = $realFile;
		}

		$result = [];

		// first check if it is an encrypted file at all
		// We would do query to filecache only if we know that entry in filecache exists

		$info = $this->getCache()->get($path);
		if (isset($info['encrypted']) && $info['encrypted'] === true) {
			$firstBlock = $this->readFirstBlock($path);
			$result = $this->parseRawHeader($firstBlock);

			// if the header doesn't contain a encryption module we check if it is a
			// legacy file. If true, we add the default encryption module
			if (!isset($result[Util::HEADER_ENCRYPTION_MODULE_KEY]) && (!empty($result) || $exists)) {
				$result[Util::HEADER_ENCRYPTION_MODULE_KEY] = 'OC_DEFAULT_MODULE';
			}
		}

		return $result;
	}

	/**
	 * read encryption module needed to read/write the file located at $path
	 *
	 * @param string $path
	 * @return null|\OCP\Encryption\IEncryptionModule
	 * @throws ModuleDoesNotExistsException
	 * @throws \Exception
	 */
	protected function getEncryptionModule($path) {
		$encryptionModule = null;
		$header = $this->getHeader($path);
		$encryptionModuleId = $this->util->getEncryptionModuleId($header);
		if (!empty($encryptionModuleId)) {
			try {
				$encryptionModule = $this->encryptionManager->getEncryptionModule($encryptionModuleId);
			} catch (ModuleDoesNotExistsException $e) {
				$this->logger->critical('Encryption module defined in "' . $path . '" not loaded!');
				throw $e;
			}
		}

		return $encryptionModule;
	}

	/**
	 * @param string $path
	 * @param int $unencryptedSize
	 */
	public function updateUnencryptedSize($path, $unencryptedSize) {
		$this->unencryptedSize[$path] = $unencryptedSize;
	}

	/**
	 * copy keys to new location
	 *
	 * @param string $source path relative to data/
	 * @param string $target path relative to data/
	 * @return bool
	 */
	protected function copyKeys($source, $target) {
		if (!$this->util->isExcluded($source)) {
			return $this->keyStorage->copyKeys($source, $target);
		}

		return false;
	}

	/**
	 * check if path points to a files version
	 *
	 * @param $path
	 * @return bool
	 */
	protected function isVersion($path) {
		$normalized = Filesystem::normalizePath($path);
		return substr($normalized, 0, strlen('/files_versions/')) === '/files_versions/';
	}

	/**
	 * check if the given storage should be encrypted or not
	 *
	 * @param $path
	 * @return bool
	 */
	protected function shouldEncrypt($path) {
		$fullPath = $this->getFullPath($path);
		$mountPointConfig = $this->mount->getOption('encrypt', true);
		if ($mountPointConfig === false) {
			return false;
		}

		try {
			$encryptionModule = $this->getEncryptionModule($fullPath);
		} catch (ModuleDoesNotExistsException $e) {
			return false;
		}

		if ($encryptionModule === null) {
			$encryptionModule = $this->encryptionManager->getEncryptionModule();
		}

		return $encryptionModule->shouldEncrypt($fullPath);
	}

	public function writeStream(string $path, $stream, int $size = null): int {
		// always fall back to fopen
		$target = $this->fopen($path, 'w');
		[$count, $result] = \OC_Helper::streamCopy($stream, $target);
		fclose($stream);
		fclose($target);

		// object store, stores the size after write and doesn't update this during scan
		// manually store the unencrypted size
		if ($result && $this->getWrapperStorage()->instanceOfStorage(ObjectStoreStorage::class)) {
			$this->getCache()->put($path, ['unencrypted_size' => $count]);
		}

		return $count;
	}
}