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- /*!
- * @overview es6-promise - a tiny implementation of Promises/A+.
- * @copyright Copyright (c) 2014 Yehuda Katz, Tom Dale, Stefan Penner and contributors (Conversion to ES6 API by Jake Archibald)
- * @license Licensed under MIT license
- * See https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jakearchibald/es6-promise/master/LICENSE
- * @version 2.3.0
- */
- (function() {
- "use strict";
- function lib$es6$promise$utils$$objectOrFunction(x) {
- return typeof x === 'function' || (typeof x === 'object' && x !== null);
- }
- function lib$es6$promise$utils$$isFunction(x) {
- return typeof x === 'function';
- }
- function lib$es6$promise$utils$$isMaybeThenable(x) {
- return typeof x === 'object' && x !== null;
- }
- var lib$es6$promise$utils$$_isArray;
- if (!Array.isArray) {
- lib$es6$promise$utils$$_isArray = function (x) {
- return Object.prototype.toString.call(x) === '[object Array]';
- };
- } else {
- lib$es6$promise$utils$$_isArray = Array.isArray;
- }
- var lib$es6$promise$utils$$isArray = lib$es6$promise$utils$$_isArray;
- var lib$es6$promise$asap$$len = 0;
- var lib$es6$promise$asap$$toString = {}.toString;
- var lib$es6$promise$asap$$vertxNext;
- var lib$es6$promise$asap$$customSchedulerFn;
- var lib$es6$promise$asap$$asap = function asap(callback, arg) {
- lib$es6$promise$asap$$queue[lib$es6$promise$asap$$len] = callback;
- lib$es6$promise$asap$$queue[lib$es6$promise$asap$$len + 1] = arg;
- lib$es6$promise$asap$$len += 2;
- if (lib$es6$promise$asap$$len === 2) {
- // If len is 2, that means that we need to schedule an async flush.
- // If additional callbacks are queued before the queue is flushed, they
- // will be processed by this flush that we are scheduling.
- if (lib$es6$promise$asap$$customSchedulerFn) {
- lib$es6$promise$asap$$customSchedulerFn(lib$es6$promise$asap$$flush);
- } else {
- lib$es6$promise$asap$$scheduleFlush();
- }
- }
- }
- function lib$es6$promise$asap$$setScheduler(scheduleFn) {
- lib$es6$promise$asap$$customSchedulerFn = scheduleFn;
- }
- function lib$es6$promise$asap$$setAsap(asapFn) {
- lib$es6$promise$asap$$asap = asapFn;
- }
- var lib$es6$promise$asap$$browserWindow = (typeof window !== 'undefined') ? window : undefined;
- var lib$es6$promise$asap$$browserGlobal = lib$es6$promise$asap$$browserWindow || {};
- var lib$es6$promise$asap$$BrowserMutationObserver = lib$es6$promise$asap$$browserGlobal.MutationObserver || lib$es6$promise$asap$$browserGlobal.WebKitMutationObserver;
- var lib$es6$promise$asap$$isNode = typeof process !== 'undefined' && {}.toString.call(process) === '[object process]';
- // test for web worker but not in IE10
- var lib$es6$promise$asap$$isWorker = typeof Uint8ClampedArray !== 'undefined' &&
- typeof importScripts !== 'undefined' &&
- typeof MessageChannel !== 'undefined';
- // node
- function lib$es6$promise$asap$$useNextTick() {
- var nextTick = process.nextTick;
- // node version 0.10.x displays a deprecation warning when nextTick is used recursively
- // setImmediate should be used instead instead
- var version = process.versions.node.match(/^(?:(\d+)\.)?(?:(\d+)\.)?(\*|\d+)$/);
- if (Array.isArray(version) && version[1] === '0' && version[2] === '10') {
- nextTick = setImmediate;
- }
- return function() {
- nextTick(lib$es6$promise$asap$$flush);
- };
- }
- // vertx
- function lib$es6$promise$asap$$useVertxTimer() {
- return function() {
- lib$es6$promise$asap$$vertxNext(lib$es6$promise$asap$$flush);
- };
- }
- function lib$es6$promise$asap$$useMutationObserver() {
- var iterations = 0;
- var observer = new lib$es6$promise$asap$$BrowserMutationObserver(lib$es6$promise$asap$$flush);
- var node = document.createTextNode('');
- observer.observe(node, { characterData: true });
- return function() {
- node.data = (iterations = ++iterations % 2);
- };
- }
- // web worker
- function lib$es6$promise$asap$$useMessageChannel() {
- var channel = new MessageChannel();
- channel.port1.onmessage = lib$es6$promise$asap$$flush;
- return function () {
- channel.port2.postMessage(0);
- };
- }
- function lib$es6$promise$asap$$useSetTimeout() {
- return function() {
- setTimeout(lib$es6$promise$asap$$flush, 1);
- };
- }
- var lib$es6$promise$asap$$queue = new Array(1000);
- function lib$es6$promise$asap$$flush() {
- for (var i = 0; i < lib$es6$promise$asap$$len; i+=2) {
- var callback = lib$es6$promise$asap$$queue[i];
- var arg = lib$es6$promise$asap$$queue[i+1];
- callback(arg);
- lib$es6$promise$asap$$queue[i] = undefined;
- lib$es6$promise$asap$$queue[i+1] = undefined;
- }
- lib$es6$promise$asap$$len = 0;
- }
- function lib$es6$promise$asap$$attemptVertex() {
- try {
- var r = require;
- var vertx = r('vertx');
- lib$es6$promise$asap$$vertxNext = vertx.runOnLoop || vertx.runOnContext;
- return lib$es6$promise$asap$$useVertxTimer();
- } catch(e) {
- return lib$es6$promise$asap$$useSetTimeout();
- }
- }
- var lib$es6$promise$asap$$scheduleFlush;
- // Decide what async method to use to triggering processing of queued callbacks:
- if (lib$es6$promise$asap$$isNode) {
- lib$es6$promise$asap$$scheduleFlush = lib$es6$promise$asap$$useNextTick();
- } else if (lib$es6$promise$asap$$BrowserMutationObserver) {
- lib$es6$promise$asap$$scheduleFlush = lib$es6$promise$asap$$useMutationObserver();
- } else if (lib$es6$promise$asap$$isWorker) {
- lib$es6$promise$asap$$scheduleFlush = lib$es6$promise$asap$$useMessageChannel();
- } else if (lib$es6$promise$asap$$browserWindow === undefined && typeof require === 'function') {
- lib$es6$promise$asap$$scheduleFlush = lib$es6$promise$asap$$attemptVertex();
- } else {
- lib$es6$promise$asap$$scheduleFlush = lib$es6$promise$asap$$useSetTimeout();
- }
- function lib$es6$promise$$internal$$noop() {}
- var lib$es6$promise$$internal$$PENDING = void 0;
- var lib$es6$promise$$internal$$FULFILLED = 1;
- var lib$es6$promise$$internal$$REJECTED = 2;
- var lib$es6$promise$$internal$$GET_THEN_ERROR = new lib$es6$promise$$internal$$ErrorObject();
- function lib$es6$promise$$internal$$selfFullfillment() {
- return new TypeError("You cannot resolve a promise with itself");
- }
- function lib$es6$promise$$internal$$cannotReturnOwn() {
- return new TypeError('A promises callback cannot return that same promise.');
- }
- function lib$es6$promise$$internal$$getThen(promise) {
- try {
- return promise.then;
- } catch(error) {
- lib$es6$promise$$internal$$GET_THEN_ERROR.error = error;
- return lib$es6$promise$$internal$$GET_THEN_ERROR;
- }
- }
- function lib$es6$promise$$internal$$tryThen(then, value, fulfillmentHandler, rejectionHandler) {
- try {
- then.call(value, fulfillmentHandler, rejectionHandler);
- } catch(e) {
- return e;
- }
- }
- function lib$es6$promise$$internal$$handleForeignThenable(promise, thenable, then) {
- lib$es6$promise$asap$$asap(function(promise) {
- var sealed = false;
- var error = lib$es6$promise$$internal$$tryThen(then, thenable, function(value) {
- if (sealed) { return; }
- sealed = true;
- if (thenable !== value) {
- lib$es6$promise$$internal$$resolve(promise, value);
- } else {
- lib$es6$promise$$internal$$fulfill(promise, value);
- }
- }, function(reason) {
- if (sealed) { return; }
- sealed = true;
- lib$es6$promise$$internal$$reject(promise, reason);
- }, 'Settle: ' + (promise._label || ' unknown promise'));
- if (!sealed && error) {
- sealed = true;
- lib$es6$promise$$internal$$reject(promise, error);
- }
- }, promise);
- }
- function lib$es6$promise$$internal$$handleOwnThenable(promise, thenable) {
- if (thenable._state === lib$es6$promise$$internal$$FULFILLED) {
- lib$es6$promise$$internal$$fulfill(promise, thenable._result);
- } else if (thenable._state === lib$es6$promise$$internal$$REJECTED) {
- lib$es6$promise$$internal$$reject(promise, thenable._result);
- } else {
- lib$es6$promise$$internal$$subscribe(thenable, undefined, function(value) {
- lib$es6$promise$$internal$$resolve(promise, value);
- }, function(reason) {
- lib$es6$promise$$internal$$reject(promise, reason);
- });
- }
- }
- function lib$es6$promise$$internal$$handleMaybeThenable(promise, maybeThenable) {
- if (maybeThenable.constructor === promise.constructor) {
- lib$es6$promise$$internal$$handleOwnThenable(promise, maybeThenable);
- } else {
- var then = lib$es6$promise$$internal$$getThen(maybeThenable);
- if (then === lib$es6$promise$$internal$$GET_THEN_ERROR) {
- lib$es6$promise$$internal$$reject(promise, lib$es6$promise$$internal$$GET_THEN_ERROR.error);
- } else if (then === undefined) {
- lib$es6$promise$$internal$$fulfill(promise, maybeThenable);
- } else if (lib$es6$promise$utils$$isFunction(then)) {
- lib$es6$promise$$internal$$handleForeignThenable(promise, maybeThenable, then);
- } else {
- lib$es6$promise$$internal$$fulfill(promise, maybeThenable);
- }
- }
- }
- function lib$es6$promise$$internal$$resolve(promise, value) {
- if (promise === value) {
- lib$es6$promise$$internal$$reject(promise, lib$es6$promise$$internal$$selfFullfillment());
- } else if (lib$es6$promise$utils$$objectOrFunction(value)) {
- lib$es6$promise$$internal$$handleMaybeThenable(promise, value);
- } else {
- lib$es6$promise$$internal$$fulfill(promise, value);
- }
- }
- function lib$es6$promise$$internal$$publishRejection(promise) {
- if (promise._onerror) {
- promise._onerror(promise._result);
- }
- lib$es6$promise$$internal$$publish(promise);
- }
- function lib$es6$promise$$internal$$fulfill(promise, value) {
- if (promise._state !== lib$es6$promise$$internal$$PENDING) { return; }
- promise._result = value;
- promise._state = lib$es6$promise$$internal$$FULFILLED;
- if (promise._subscribers.length !== 0) {
- lib$es6$promise$asap$$asap(lib$es6$promise$$internal$$publish, promise);
- }
- }
- function lib$es6$promise$$internal$$reject(promise, reason) {
- if (promise._state !== lib$es6$promise$$internal$$PENDING) { return; }
- promise._state = lib$es6$promise$$internal$$REJECTED;
- promise._result = reason;
- lib$es6$promise$asap$$asap(lib$es6$promise$$internal$$publishRejection, promise);
- }
- function lib$es6$promise$$internal$$subscribe(parent, child, onFulfillment, onRejection) {
- var subscribers = parent._subscribers;
- var length = subscribers.length;
- parent._onerror = null;
- subscribers[length] = child;
- subscribers[length + lib$es6$promise$$internal$$FULFILLED] = onFulfillment;
- subscribers[length + lib$es6$promise$$internal$$REJECTED] = onRejection;
- if (length === 0 && parent._state) {
- lib$es6$promise$asap$$asap(lib$es6$promise$$internal$$publish, parent);
- }
- }
- function lib$es6$promise$$internal$$publish(promise) {
- var subscribers = promise._subscribers;
- var settled = promise._state;
- if (subscribers.length === 0) { return; }
- var child, callback, detail = promise._result;
- for (var i = 0; i < subscribers.length; i += 3) {
- child = subscribers[i];
- callback = subscribers[i + settled];
- if (child) {
- lib$es6$promise$$internal$$invokeCallback(settled, child, callback, detail);
- } else {
- callback(detail);
- }
- }
- promise._subscribers.length = 0;
- }
- function lib$es6$promise$$internal$$ErrorObject() {
- this.error = null;
- }
- var lib$es6$promise$$internal$$TRY_CATCH_ERROR = new lib$es6$promise$$internal$$ErrorObject();
- function lib$es6$promise$$internal$$tryCatch(callback, detail) {
- try {
- return callback(detail);
- } catch(e) {
- lib$es6$promise$$internal$$TRY_CATCH_ERROR.error = e;
- return lib$es6$promise$$internal$$TRY_CATCH_ERROR;
- }
- }
- function lib$es6$promise$$internal$$invokeCallback(settled, promise, callback, detail) {
- var hasCallback = lib$es6$promise$utils$$isFunction(callback),
- value, error, succeeded, failed;
- if (hasCallback) {
- value = lib$es6$promise$$internal$$tryCatch(callback, detail);
- if (value === lib$es6$promise$$internal$$TRY_CATCH_ERROR) {
- failed = true;
- error = value.error;
- value = null;
- } else {
- succeeded = true;
- }
- if (promise === value) {
- lib$es6$promise$$internal$$reject(promise, lib$es6$promise$$internal$$cannotReturnOwn());
- return;
- }
- } else {
- value = detail;
- succeeded = true;
- }
- if (promise._state !== lib$es6$promise$$internal$$PENDING) {
- // noop
- } else if (hasCallback && succeeded) {
- lib$es6$promise$$internal$$resolve(promise, value);
- } else if (failed) {
- lib$es6$promise$$internal$$reject(promise, error);
- } else if (settled === lib$es6$promise$$internal$$FULFILLED) {
- lib$es6$promise$$internal$$fulfill(promise, value);
- } else if (settled === lib$es6$promise$$internal$$REJECTED) {
- lib$es6$promise$$internal$$reject(promise, value);
- }
- }
- function lib$es6$promise$$internal$$initializePromise(promise, resolver) {
- try {
- resolver(function resolvePromise(value){
- lib$es6$promise$$internal$$resolve(promise, value);
- }, function rejectPromise(reason) {
- lib$es6$promise$$internal$$reject(promise, reason);
- });
- } catch(e) {
- lib$es6$promise$$internal$$reject(promise, e);
- }
- }
- function lib$es6$promise$enumerator$$Enumerator(Constructor, input) {
- var enumerator = this;
- enumerator._instanceConstructor = Constructor;
- enumerator.promise = new Constructor(lib$es6$promise$$internal$$noop);
- if (enumerator._validateInput(input)) {
- enumerator._input = input;
- enumerator.length = input.length;
- enumerator._remaining = input.length;
- enumerator._init();
- if (enumerator.length === 0) {
- lib$es6$promise$$internal$$fulfill(enumerator.promise, enumerator._result);
- } else {
- enumerator.length = enumerator.length || 0;
- enumerator._enumerate();
- if (enumerator._remaining === 0) {
- lib$es6$promise$$internal$$fulfill(enumerator.promise, enumerator._result);
- }
- }
- } else {
- lib$es6$promise$$internal$$reject(enumerator.promise, enumerator._validationError());
- }
- }
- lib$es6$promise$enumerator$$Enumerator.prototype._validateInput = function(input) {
- return lib$es6$promise$utils$$isArray(input);
- };
- lib$es6$promise$enumerator$$Enumerator.prototype._validationError = function() {
- return new Error('Array Methods must be provided an Array');
- };
- lib$es6$promise$enumerator$$Enumerator.prototype._init = function() {
- this._result = new Array(this.length);
- };
- var lib$es6$promise$enumerator$$default = lib$es6$promise$enumerator$$Enumerator;
- lib$es6$promise$enumerator$$Enumerator.prototype._enumerate = function() {
- var enumerator = this;
- var length = enumerator.length;
- var promise = enumerator.promise;
- var input = enumerator._input;
- for (var i = 0; promise._state === lib$es6$promise$$internal$$PENDING && i < length; i++) {
- enumerator._eachEntry(input[i], i);
- }
- };
- lib$es6$promise$enumerator$$Enumerator.prototype._eachEntry = function(entry, i) {
- var enumerator = this;
- var c = enumerator._instanceConstructor;
- if (lib$es6$promise$utils$$isMaybeThenable(entry)) {
- if (entry.constructor === c && entry._state !== lib$es6$promise$$internal$$PENDING) {
- entry._onerror = null;
- enumerator._settledAt(entry._state, i, entry._result);
- } else {
- enumerator._willSettleAt(c.resolve(entry), i);
- }
- } else {
- enumerator._remaining--;
- enumerator._result[i] = entry;
- }
- };
- lib$es6$promise$enumerator$$Enumerator.prototype._settledAt = function(state, i, value) {
- var enumerator = this;
- var promise = enumerator.promise;
- if (promise._state === lib$es6$promise$$internal$$PENDING) {
- enumerator._remaining--;
- if (state === lib$es6$promise$$internal$$REJECTED) {
- lib$es6$promise$$internal$$reject(promise, value);
- } else {
- enumerator._result[i] = value;
- }
- }
- if (enumerator._remaining === 0) {
- lib$es6$promise$$internal$$fulfill(promise, enumerator._result);
- }
- };
- lib$es6$promise$enumerator$$Enumerator.prototype._willSettleAt = function(promise, i) {
- var enumerator = this;
- lib$es6$promise$$internal$$subscribe(promise, undefined, function(value) {
- enumerator._settledAt(lib$es6$promise$$internal$$FULFILLED, i, value);
- }, function(reason) {
- enumerator._settledAt(lib$es6$promise$$internal$$REJECTED, i, reason);
- });
- };
- function lib$es6$promise$promise$all$$all(entries) {
- return new lib$es6$promise$enumerator$$default(this, entries).promise;
- }
- var lib$es6$promise$promise$all$$default = lib$es6$promise$promise$all$$all;
- function lib$es6$promise$promise$race$$race(entries) {
- /*jshint validthis:true */
- var Constructor = this;
- var promise = new Constructor(lib$es6$promise$$internal$$noop);
- if (!lib$es6$promise$utils$$isArray(entries)) {
- lib$es6$promise$$internal$$reject(promise, new TypeError('You must pass an array to race.'));
- return promise;
- }
- var length = entries.length;
- function onFulfillment(value) {
- lib$es6$promise$$internal$$resolve(promise, value);
- }
- function onRejection(reason) {
- lib$es6$promise$$internal$$reject(promise, reason);
- }
- for (var i = 0; promise._state === lib$es6$promise$$internal$$PENDING && i < length; i++) {
- lib$es6$promise$$internal$$subscribe(Constructor.resolve(entries[i]), undefined, onFulfillment, onRejection);
- }
- return promise;
- }
- var lib$es6$promise$promise$race$$default = lib$es6$promise$promise$race$$race;
- function lib$es6$promise$promise$resolve$$resolve(object) {
- /*jshint validthis:true */
- var Constructor = this;
- if (object && typeof object === 'object' && object.constructor === Constructor) {
- return object;
- }
- var promise = new Constructor(lib$es6$promise$$internal$$noop);
- lib$es6$promise$$internal$$resolve(promise, object);
- return promise;
- }
- var lib$es6$promise$promise$resolve$$default = lib$es6$promise$promise$resolve$$resolve;
- function lib$es6$promise$promise$reject$$reject(reason) {
- /*jshint validthis:true */
- var Constructor = this;
- var promise = new Constructor(lib$es6$promise$$internal$$noop);
- lib$es6$promise$$internal$$reject(promise, reason);
- return promise;
- }
- var lib$es6$promise$promise$reject$$default = lib$es6$promise$promise$reject$$reject;
- var lib$es6$promise$promise$$counter = 0;
- function lib$es6$promise$promise$$needsResolver() {
- throw new TypeError('You must pass a resolver function as the first argument to the promise constructor');
- }
- function lib$es6$promise$promise$$needsNew() {
- throw new TypeError("Failed to construct 'Promise': Please use the 'new' operator, this object constructor cannot be called as a function.");
- }
- var lib$es6$promise$promise$$default = lib$es6$promise$promise$$Promise;
- /**
- Promise objects represent the eventual result of an asynchronous operation. The
- primary way of interacting with a promise is through its `then` method, which
- registers callbacks to receive either a promise's eventual value or the reason
- why the promise cannot be fulfilled.
- Terminology
- -----------
- - `promise` is an object or function with a `then` method whose behavior conforms to this specification.
- - `thenable` is an object or function that defines a `then` method.
- - `value` is any legal JavaScript value (including undefined, a thenable, or a promise).
- - `exception` is a value that is thrown using the throw statement.
- - `reason` is a value that indicates why a promise was rejected.
- - `settled` the final resting state of a promise, fulfilled or rejected.
- A promise can be in one of three states: pending, fulfilled, or rejected.
- Promises that are fulfilled have a fulfillment value and are in the fulfilled
- state. Promises that are rejected have a rejection reason and are in the
- rejected state. A fulfillment value is never a thenable.
- Promises can also be said to *resolve* a value. If this value is also a
- promise, then the original promise's settled state will match the value's
- settled state. So a promise that *resolves* a promise that rejects will
- itself reject, and a promise that *resolves* a promise that fulfills will
- itself fulfill.
- Basic Usage:
- ------------
- ```js
- var promise = new Promise(function(resolve, reject) {
- // on success
- resolve(value);
- // on failure
- reject(reason);
- });
- promise.then(function(value) {
- // on fulfillment
- }, function(reason) {
- // on rejection
- });
- ```
- Advanced Usage:
- ---------------
- Promises shine when abstracting away asynchronous interactions such as
- `XMLHttpRequest`s.
- ```js
- function getJSON(url) {
- return new Promise(function(resolve, reject){
- var xhr = new XMLHttpRequest();
- xhr.open('GET', url);
- xhr.onreadystatechange = handler;
- xhr.responseType = 'json';
- xhr.setRequestHeader('Accept', 'application/json');
- xhr.send();
- function handler() {
- if (this.readyState === this.DONE) {
- if (this.status === 200) {
- resolve(this.response);
- } else {
- reject(new Error('getJSON: `' + url + '` failed with status: [' + this.status + ']'));
- }
- }
- };
- });
- }
- getJSON('/posts.json').then(function(json) {
- // on fulfillment
- }, function(reason) {
- // on rejection
- });
- ```
- Unlike callbacks, promises are great composable primitives.
- ```js
- Promise.all([
- getJSON('/posts'),
- getJSON('/comments')
- ]).then(function(values){
- values[0] // => postsJSON
- values[1] // => commentsJSON
- return values;
- });
- ```
- @class Promise
- @param {function} resolver
- Useful for tooling.
- @constructor
- */
- function lib$es6$promise$promise$$Promise(resolver) {
- this._id = lib$es6$promise$promise$$counter++;
- this._state = undefined;
- this._result = undefined;
- this._subscribers = [];
- if (lib$es6$promise$$internal$$noop !== resolver) {
- if (!lib$es6$promise$utils$$isFunction(resolver)) {
- lib$es6$promise$promise$$needsResolver();
- }
- if (!(this instanceof lib$es6$promise$promise$$Promise)) {
- lib$es6$promise$promise$$needsNew();
- }
- lib$es6$promise$$internal$$initializePromise(this, resolver);
- }
- }
- lib$es6$promise$promise$$Promise.all = lib$es6$promise$promise$all$$default;
- lib$es6$promise$promise$$Promise.race = lib$es6$promise$promise$race$$default;
- lib$es6$promise$promise$$Promise.resolve = lib$es6$promise$promise$resolve$$default;
- lib$es6$promise$promise$$Promise.reject = lib$es6$promise$promise$reject$$default;
- lib$es6$promise$promise$$Promise._setScheduler = lib$es6$promise$asap$$setScheduler;
- lib$es6$promise$promise$$Promise._setAsap = lib$es6$promise$asap$$setAsap;
- lib$es6$promise$promise$$Promise._asap = lib$es6$promise$asap$$asap;
- lib$es6$promise$promise$$Promise.prototype = {
- constructor: lib$es6$promise$promise$$Promise,
- /**
- The primary way of interacting with a promise is through its `then` method,
- which registers callbacks to receive either a promise's eventual value or the
- reason why the promise cannot be fulfilled.
- ```js
- findUser().then(function(user){
- // user is available
- }, function(reason){
- // user is unavailable, and you are given the reason why
- });
- ```
- Chaining
- --------
- The return value of `then` is itself a promise. This second, 'downstream'
- promise is resolved with the return value of the first promise's fulfillment
- or rejection handler, or rejected if the handler throws an exception.
- ```js
- findUser().then(function (user) {
- return user.name;
- }, function (reason) {
- return 'default name';
- }).then(function (userName) {
- // If `findUser` fulfilled, `userName` will be the user's name, otherwise it
- // will be `'default name'`
- });
- findUser().then(function (user) {
- throw new Error('Found user, but still unhappy');
- }, function (reason) {
- throw new Error('`findUser` rejected and we're unhappy');
- }).then(function (value) {
- // never reached
- }, function (reason) {
- // if `findUser` fulfilled, `reason` will be 'Found user, but still unhappy'.
- // If `findUser` rejected, `reason` will be '`findUser` rejected and we're unhappy'.
- });
- ```
- If the downstream promise does not specify a rejection handler, rejection reasons will be propagated further downstream.
- ```js
- findUser().then(function (user) {
- throw new PedagogicalException('Upstream error');
- }).then(function (value) {
- // never reached
- }).then(function (value) {
- // never reached
- }, function (reason) {
- // The `PedgagocialException` is propagated all the way down to here
- });
- ```
- Assimilation
- ------------
- Sometimes the value you want to propagate to a downstream promise can only be
- retrieved asynchronously. This can be achieved by returning a promise in the
- fulfillment or rejection handler. The downstream promise will then be pending
- until the returned promise is settled. This is called *assimilation*.
- ```js
- findUser().then(function (user) {
- return findCommentsByAuthor(user);
- }).then(function (comments) {
- // The user's comments are now available
- });
- ```
- If the assimliated promise rejects, then the downstream promise will also reject.
- ```js
- findUser().then(function (user) {
- return findCommentsByAuthor(user);
- }).then(function (comments) {
- // If `findCommentsByAuthor` fulfills, we'll have the value here
- }, function (reason) {
- // If `findCommentsByAuthor` rejects, we'll have the reason here
- });
- ```
- Simple Example
- --------------
- Synchronous Example
- ```javascript
- var result;
- try {
- result = findResult();
- // success
- } catch(reason) {
- // failure
- }
- ```
- Errback Example
- ```js
- findResult(function(result, err){
- if (err) {
- // failure
- } else {
- // success
- }
- });
- ```
- Promise Example;
- ```javascript
- findResult().then(function(result){
- // success
- }, function(reason){
- // failure
- });
- ```
- Advanced Example
- --------------
- Synchronous Example
- ```javascript
- var author, books;
- try {
- author = findAuthor();
- books = findBooksByAuthor(author);
- // success
- } catch(reason) {
- // failure
- }
- ```
- Errback Example
- ```js
- function foundBooks(books) {
- }
- function failure(reason) {
- }
- findAuthor(function(author, err){
- if (err) {
- failure(err);
- // failure
- } else {
- try {
- findBoooksByAuthor(author, function(books, err) {
- if (err) {
- failure(err);
- } else {
- try {
- foundBooks(books);
- } catch(reason) {
- failure(reason);
- }
- }
- });
- } catch(error) {
- failure(err);
- }
- // success
- }
- });
- ```
- Promise Example;
- ```javascript
- findAuthor().
- then(findBooksByAuthor).
- then(function(books){
- // found books
- }).catch(function(reason){
- // something went wrong
- });
- ```
- @method then
- @param {Function} onFulfilled
- @param {Function} onRejected
- Useful for tooling.
- @return {Promise}
- */
- then: function(onFulfillment, onRejection) {
- var parent = this;
- var state = parent._state;
- if (state === lib$es6$promise$$internal$$FULFILLED && !onFulfillment || state === lib$es6$promise$$internal$$REJECTED && !onRejection) {
- return this;
- }
- var child = new this.constructor(lib$es6$promise$$internal$$noop);
- var result = parent._result;
- if (state) {
- var callback = arguments[state - 1];
- lib$es6$promise$asap$$asap(function(){
- lib$es6$promise$$internal$$invokeCallback(state, child, callback, result);
- });
- } else {
- lib$es6$promise$$internal$$subscribe(parent, child, onFulfillment, onRejection);
- }
- return child;
- },
- /**
- `catch` is simply sugar for `then(undefined, onRejection)` which makes it the same
- as the catch block of a try/catch statement.
- ```js
- function findAuthor(){
- throw new Error('couldn't find that author');
- }
- // synchronous
- try {
- findAuthor();
- } catch(reason) {
- // something went wrong
- }
- // async with promises
- findAuthor().catch(function(reason){
- // something went wrong
- });
- ```
- @method catch
- @param {Function} onRejection
- Useful for tooling.
- @return {Promise}
- */
- 'catch': function(onRejection) {
- return this.then(null, onRejection);
- }
- };
- function lib$es6$promise$polyfill$$polyfill() {
- var local;
- if (typeof global !== 'undefined') {
- local = global;
- } else if (typeof self !== 'undefined') {
- local = self;
- } else {
- try {
- local = Function('return this')();
- } catch (e) {
- throw new Error('polyfill failed because global object is unavailable in this environment');
- }
- }
- var P = local.Promise;
- if (P && Object.prototype.toString.call(P.resolve()) === '[object Promise]' && !P.cast) {
- return;
- }
- local.Promise = lib$es6$promise$promise$$default;
- }
- var lib$es6$promise$polyfill$$default = lib$es6$promise$polyfill$$polyfill;
- var lib$es6$promise$umd$$ES6Promise = {
- 'Promise': lib$es6$promise$promise$$default,
- 'polyfill': lib$es6$promise$polyfill$$default
- };
- /* global define:true module:true window: true */
- if (typeof define === 'function' && define['amd']) {
- define(function() { return lib$es6$promise$umd$$ES6Promise; });
- } else if (typeof module !== 'undefined' && module['exports']) {
- module['exports'] = lib$es6$promise$umd$$ES6Promise;
- } else if (typeof this !== 'undefined') {
- this['ES6Promise'] = lib$es6$promise$umd$$ES6Promise;
- }
- lib$es6$promise$polyfill$$default();
- }).call(this);
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