# Copyright 2014 - 2016 OpenMarket Ltd # Copyright 2020 The Matrix.org Foundation C.I.C. # # Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); # you may not use this file except in compliance with the License. # You may obtain a copy of the License at # # http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 # # Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software # distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, # WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. # See the License for the specific language governing permissions and # limitations under the License. import logging import typing from typing import Any, Dict, Iterable, List, Optional, Set, Tuple, Union from canonicaljson import encode_canonical_json from signedjson.key import decode_verify_key_bytes from signedjson.sign import SignatureVerifyException, verify_signed_json from unpaddedbase64 import decode_base64 from synapse.api.constants import ( MAX_PDU_SIZE, EventContentFields, EventTypes, JoinRules, Membership, ) from synapse.api.errors import AuthError, EventSizeError, SynapseError from synapse.api.room_versions import ( KNOWN_ROOM_VERSIONS, EventFormatVersions, RoomVersion, ) from synapse.types import StateMap, UserID, get_domain_from_id if typing.TYPE_CHECKING: # conditional imports to avoid import cycle from synapse.events import EventBase from synapse.events.builder import EventBuilder logger = logging.getLogger(__name__) def validate_event_for_room_version( room_version_obj: RoomVersion, event: "EventBase" ) -> None: """Ensure that the event complies with the limits, and has the right signatures NB: does not *validate* the signatures - it assumes that any signatures present have already been checked. NB: it does not check that the event satisfies the auth rules (that is done in check_auth_rules_for_event) - these tests are independent of the rest of the state in the room. NB: This is used to check events that have been received over federation. As such, it can only enforce the checks specified in the relevant room version, to avoid a split-brain situation where some servers accept such events, and others reject them. TODO: consider moving this into EventValidator Args: room_version_obj: the version of the room which contains this event event: the event to be checked Raises: SynapseError if there is a problem with the event """ _check_size_limits(event) if not hasattr(event, "room_id"): raise AuthError(500, "Event has no room_id: %s" % event) # check that the event has the correct signatures sender_domain = get_domain_from_id(event.sender) is_invite_via_3pid = ( event.type == EventTypes.Member and event.membership == Membership.INVITE and "third_party_invite" in event.content ) # Check the sender's domain has signed the event if not event.signatures.get(sender_domain): # We allow invites via 3pid to have a sender from a different # HS, as the sender must match the sender of the original # 3pid invite. This is checked further down with the # other dedicated membership checks. if not is_invite_via_3pid: raise AuthError(403, "Event not signed by sender's server") if event.format_version in (EventFormatVersions.V1,): # Only older room versions have event IDs to check. event_id_domain = get_domain_from_id(event.event_id) # Check the origin domain has signed the event if not event.signatures.get(event_id_domain): raise AuthError(403, "Event not signed by sending server") is_invite_via_allow_rule = ( room_version_obj.msc3083_join_rules and event.type == EventTypes.Member and event.membership == Membership.JOIN and EventContentFields.AUTHORISING_USER in event.content ) if is_invite_via_allow_rule: authoriser_domain = get_domain_from_id( event.content[EventContentFields.AUTHORISING_USER] ) if not event.signatures.get(authoriser_domain): raise AuthError(403, "Event not signed by authorising server") def check_auth_rules_for_event( room_version_obj: RoomVersion, event: "EventBase", auth_events: Iterable["EventBase"], ) -> None: """Check that an event complies with the auth rules Checks whether an event passes the auth rules with a given set of state events Assumes that we have already checked that the event is the right shape (it has enough signatures, has a room ID, etc). In other words: - it's fine for use in state resolution, when we have already decided whether to accept the event or not, and are now trying to decide whether it should make it into the room state - when we're doing the initial event auth, it is only suitable in combination with a bunch of other tests. Args: room_version_obj: the version of the room event: the event being checked. auth_events: the room state to check the events against. Raises: AuthError if the checks fail """ # We need to ensure that the auth events are actually for the same room, to # stop people from using powers they've been granted in other rooms for # example. # # Arguably we don't need to do this when we're just doing state res, as presumably # the state res algorithm isn't silly enough to give us events from different rooms. # Still, it's easier to do it anyway. room_id = event.room_id for auth_event in auth_events: if auth_event.room_id != room_id: raise AuthError( 403, "During auth for event %s in room %s, found event %s in the state " "which is in room %s" % (event.event_id, room_id, auth_event.event_id, auth_event.room_id), ) if auth_event.rejected_reason: raise AuthError( 403, "During auth for event %s: found rejected event %s in the state" % (event.event_id, auth_event.event_id), ) # Implementation of https://matrix.org/docs/spec/rooms/v1#authorization-rules # # 1. If type is m.room.create: if event.type == EventTypes.Create: # 1b. If the domain of the room_id does not match the domain of the sender, # reject. sender_domain = get_domain_from_id(event.sender) room_id_domain = get_domain_from_id(event.room_id) if room_id_domain != sender_domain: raise AuthError( 403, "Creation event's room_id domain does not match sender's" ) # 1c. If content.room_version is present and is not a recognised version, reject room_version_prop = event.content.get("room_version", "1") if room_version_prop not in KNOWN_ROOM_VERSIONS: raise AuthError( 403, "room appears to have unsupported version %s" % (room_version_prop,), ) logger.debug("Allowing! %s", event) return auth_dict = {(e.type, e.state_key): e for e in auth_events} # 3. If event does not have a m.room.create in its auth_events, reject. creation_event = auth_dict.get((EventTypes.Create, ""), None) if not creation_event: raise AuthError(403, "No create event in auth events") # additional check for m.federate creating_domain = get_domain_from_id(event.room_id) originating_domain = get_domain_from_id(event.sender) if creating_domain != originating_domain: if not _can_federate(event, auth_dict): raise AuthError(403, "This room has been marked as unfederatable.") # 4. If type is m.room.aliases if event.type == EventTypes.Aliases and room_version_obj.special_case_aliases_auth: # 4a. If event has no state_key, reject if not event.is_state(): raise AuthError(403, "Alias event must be a state event") if not event.state_key: raise AuthError(403, "Alias event must have non-empty state_key") # 4b. If sender's domain doesn't matches [sic] state_key, reject sender_domain = get_domain_from_id(event.sender) if event.state_key != sender_domain: raise AuthError( 403, "Alias event's state_key does not match sender's domain" ) # 4c. Otherwise, allow. logger.debug("Allowing! %s", event) return # 5. If type is m.room.membership if event.type == EventTypes.Member: _is_membership_change_allowed(room_version_obj, event, auth_dict) logger.debug("Allowing! %s", event) return _check_event_sender_in_room(event, auth_dict) # Special case to allow m.room.third_party_invite events wherever # a user is allowed to issue invites. Fixes # https://github.com/vector-im/vector-web/issues/1208 hopefully if event.type == EventTypes.ThirdPartyInvite: user_level = get_user_power_level(event.user_id, auth_dict) invite_level = get_named_level(auth_dict, "invite", 0) if user_level < invite_level: raise AuthError(403, "You don't have permission to invite users") else: logger.debug("Allowing! %s", event) return _can_send_event(event, auth_dict) if event.type == EventTypes.PowerLevels: _check_power_levels(room_version_obj, event, auth_dict) if event.type == EventTypes.Redaction: check_redaction(room_version_obj, event, auth_dict) if ( event.type == EventTypes.MSC2716_INSERTION or event.type == EventTypes.MSC2716_BATCH or event.type == EventTypes.MSC2716_MARKER ): check_historical(room_version_obj, event, auth_dict) logger.debug("Allowing! %s", event) def _check_size_limits(event: "EventBase") -> None: if len(event.user_id) > 255: raise EventSizeError("'user_id' too large") if len(event.room_id) > 255: raise EventSizeError("'room_id' too large") if event.is_state() and len(event.state_key) > 255: raise EventSizeError("'state_key' too large") if len(event.type) > 255: raise EventSizeError("'type' too large") if len(event.event_id) > 255: raise EventSizeError("'event_id' too large") if len(encode_canonical_json(event.get_pdu_json())) > MAX_PDU_SIZE: raise EventSizeError("event too large") def _can_federate(event: "EventBase", auth_events: StateMap["EventBase"]) -> bool: creation_event = auth_events.get((EventTypes.Create, "")) # There should always be a creation event, but if not don't federate. if not creation_event: return False return creation_event.content.get(EventContentFields.FEDERATE, True) is True def _is_membership_change_allowed( room_version: RoomVersion, event: "EventBase", auth_events: StateMap["EventBase"] ) -> None: """ Confirms that the event which changes membership is an allowed change. Args: room_version: The version of the room. event: The event to check. auth_events: The current auth events of the room. Raises: AuthError if the event is not allowed. """ membership = event.content["membership"] # Check if this is the room creator joining: if len(event.prev_event_ids()) == 1 and Membership.JOIN == membership: # Get room creation event: key = (EventTypes.Create, "") create = auth_events.get(key) if create and event.prev_event_ids()[0] == create.event_id: if create.content["creator"] == event.state_key: return target_user_id = event.state_key creating_domain = get_domain_from_id(event.room_id) target_domain = get_domain_from_id(target_user_id) if creating_domain != target_domain: if not _can_federate(event, auth_events): raise AuthError(403, "This room has been marked as unfederatable.") # get info about the caller key = (EventTypes.Member, event.user_id) caller = auth_events.get(key) caller_in_room = caller and caller.membership == Membership.JOIN caller_invited = caller and caller.membership == Membership.INVITE caller_knocked = ( caller and room_version.msc2403_knocking and caller.membership == Membership.KNOCK ) # get info about the target key = (EventTypes.Member, target_user_id) target = auth_events.get(key) target_in_room = target and target.membership == Membership.JOIN target_banned = target and target.membership == Membership.BAN key = (EventTypes.JoinRules, "") join_rule_event = auth_events.get(key) if join_rule_event: join_rule = join_rule_event.content.get("join_rule", JoinRules.INVITE) else: join_rule = JoinRules.INVITE user_level = get_user_power_level(event.user_id, auth_events) target_level = get_user_power_level(target_user_id, auth_events) invite_level = get_named_level(auth_events, "invite", 0) ban_level = get_named_level(auth_events, "ban", 50) logger.debug( "_is_membership_change_allowed: %s", { "caller_in_room": caller_in_room, "caller_invited": caller_invited, "caller_knocked": caller_knocked, "target_banned": target_banned, "target_in_room": target_in_room, "membership": membership, "join_rule": join_rule, "target_user_id": target_user_id, "event.user_id": event.user_id, }, ) if Membership.INVITE == membership and "third_party_invite" in event.content: if not _verify_third_party_invite(event, auth_events): raise AuthError(403, "You are not invited to this room.") if target_banned: raise AuthError(403, "%s is banned from the room" % (target_user_id,)) return # Require the user to be in the room for membership changes other than join/knock. # Note that the room version check for knocking is done implicitly by `caller_knocked` # and the ability to set a membership of `knock` in the first place. if Membership.JOIN != membership and Membership.KNOCK != membership: # If the user has been invited or has knocked, they are allowed to change their # membership event to leave if ( (caller_invited or caller_knocked) and Membership.LEAVE == membership and target_user_id == event.user_id ): return if not caller_in_room: # caller isn't joined raise AuthError(403, "%s not in room %s." % (event.user_id, event.room_id)) if Membership.INVITE == membership: # TODO (erikj): We should probably handle this more intelligently # PRIVATE join rules. # Invites are valid iff caller is in the room and target isn't. if target_banned: raise AuthError(403, "%s is banned from the room" % (target_user_id,)) elif target_in_room: # the target is already in the room. raise AuthError(403, "%s is already in the room." % target_user_id) else: if user_level < invite_level: raise AuthError(403, "You don't have permission to invite users") elif Membership.JOIN == membership: # Joins are valid iff caller == target and: # * They are not banned. # * They are accepting a previously sent invitation. # * They are already joined (it's a NOOP). # * The room is public. # * The room is restricted and the user meets the allows rules. if event.user_id != target_user_id: raise AuthError(403, "Cannot force another user to join.") elif target_banned: raise AuthError(403, "You are banned from this room") elif join_rule == JoinRules.PUBLIC: pass elif room_version.msc3083_join_rules and join_rule == JoinRules.RESTRICTED: # This is the same as public, but the event must contain a reference # to the server who authorised the join. If the event does not contain # the proper content it is rejected. # # Note that if the caller is in the room or invited, then they do # not need to meet the allow rules. if not caller_in_room and not caller_invited: authorising_user = event.content.get( EventContentFields.AUTHORISING_USER ) if authorising_user is None: raise AuthError(403, "Join event is missing authorising user.") # The authorising user must be in the room. key = (EventTypes.Member, authorising_user) member_event = auth_events.get(key) _check_joined_room(member_event, authorising_user, event.room_id) authorising_user_level = get_user_power_level( authorising_user, auth_events ) if authorising_user_level < invite_level: raise AuthError(403, "Join event authorised by invalid server.") elif join_rule == JoinRules.INVITE or ( room_version.msc2403_knocking and join_rule == JoinRules.KNOCK ): if not caller_in_room and not caller_invited: raise AuthError(403, "You are not invited to this room.") else: # TODO (erikj): may_join list # TODO (erikj): private rooms raise AuthError(403, "You are not allowed to join this room") elif Membership.LEAVE == membership: # TODO (erikj): Implement kicks. if target_banned and user_level < ban_level: raise AuthError(403, "You cannot unban user %s." % (target_user_id,)) elif target_user_id != event.user_id: kick_level = get_named_level(auth_events, "kick", 50) if user_level < kick_level or user_level <= target_level: raise AuthError(403, "You cannot kick user %s." % target_user_id) elif Membership.BAN == membership: if user_level < ban_level or user_level <= target_level: raise AuthError(403, "You don't have permission to ban") elif room_version.msc2403_knocking and Membership.KNOCK == membership: if join_rule != JoinRules.KNOCK: raise AuthError(403, "You don't have permission to knock") elif target_user_id != event.user_id: raise AuthError(403, "You cannot knock for other users") elif target_in_room: raise AuthError(403, "You cannot knock on a room you are already in") elif caller_invited: raise AuthError(403, "You are already invited to this room") elif target_banned: raise AuthError(403, "You are banned from this room") else: raise AuthError(500, "Unknown membership %s" % membership) def _check_event_sender_in_room( event: "EventBase", auth_events: StateMap["EventBase"] ) -> None: key = (EventTypes.Member, event.user_id) member_event = auth_events.get(key) _check_joined_room(member_event, event.user_id, event.room_id) def _check_joined_room( member: Optional["EventBase"], user_id: str, room_id: str ) -> None: if not member or member.membership != Membership.JOIN: raise AuthError( 403, "User %s not in room %s (%s)" % (user_id, room_id, repr(member)) ) def get_send_level( etype: str, state_key: Optional[str], power_levels_event: Optional["EventBase"] ) -> int: """Get the power level required to send an event of a given type The federation spec [1] refers to this as "Required Power Level". https://matrix.org/docs/spec/server_server/unstable.html#definitions Args: etype: type of event state_key: state_key of state event, or None if it is not a state event. power_levels_event: power levels event in force at this point in the room Returns: power level required to send this event. """ if power_levels_event: power_levels_content = power_levels_event.content else: power_levels_content = {} # see if we have a custom level for this event type send_level = power_levels_content.get("events", {}).get(etype) # otherwise, fall back to the state_default/events_default. if send_level is None: if state_key is not None: send_level = power_levels_content.get("state_default", 50) else: send_level = power_levels_content.get("events_default", 0) return int(send_level) def _can_send_event(event: "EventBase", auth_events: StateMap["EventBase"]) -> bool: power_levels_event = get_power_level_event(auth_events) send_level = get_send_level(event.type, event.get("state_key"), power_levels_event) user_level = get_user_power_level(event.user_id, auth_events) if user_level < send_level: raise AuthError( 403, "You don't have permission to post that to the room. " + "user_level (%d) < send_level (%d)" % (user_level, send_level), ) # Check state_key if hasattr(event, "state_key"): if event.state_key.startswith("@"): if event.state_key != event.user_id: raise AuthError(403, "You are not allowed to set others state") return True def check_redaction( room_version_obj: RoomVersion, event: "EventBase", auth_events: StateMap["EventBase"], ) -> bool: """Check whether the event sender is allowed to redact the target event. Returns: True if the the sender is allowed to redact the target event if the target event was created by them. False if the sender is allowed to redact the target event with no further checks. Raises: AuthError if the event sender is definitely not allowed to redact the target event. """ user_level = get_user_power_level(event.user_id, auth_events) redact_level = get_named_level(auth_events, "redact", 50) if user_level >= redact_level: return False if room_version_obj.event_format == EventFormatVersions.V1: redacter_domain = get_domain_from_id(event.event_id) if not isinstance(event.redacts, str): return False redactee_domain = get_domain_from_id(event.redacts) if redacter_domain == redactee_domain: return True else: event.internal_metadata.recheck_redaction = True return True raise AuthError(403, "You don't have permission to redact events") def check_historical( room_version_obj: RoomVersion, event: "EventBase", auth_events: StateMap["EventBase"], ) -> None: """Check whether the event sender is allowed to send historical related events like "insertion", "batch", and "marker". Returns: None Raises: AuthError if the event sender is not allowed to send historical related events ("insertion", "batch", and "marker"). """ # Ignore the auth checks in room versions that do not support historical # events if not room_version_obj.msc2716_historical: return user_level = get_user_power_level(event.user_id, auth_events) historical_level = get_named_level(auth_events, "historical", 100) if user_level < historical_level: raise AuthError( 403, 'You don\'t have permission to send send historical related events ("insertion", "batch", and "marker")', ) def _check_power_levels( room_version_obj: RoomVersion, event: "EventBase", auth_events: StateMap["EventBase"], ) -> None: user_list = event.content.get("users", {}) # Validate users for k, v in user_list.items(): try: UserID.from_string(k) except Exception: raise SynapseError(400, "Not a valid user_id: %s" % (k,)) try: int(v) except Exception: raise SynapseError(400, "Not a valid power level: %s" % (v,)) key = (event.type, event.state_key) current_state = auth_events.get(key) if not current_state: return user_level = get_user_power_level(event.user_id, auth_events) # Check other levels: levels_to_check: List[Tuple[str, Optional[str]]] = [ ("users_default", None), ("events_default", None), ("state_default", None), ("ban", None), ("redact", None), ("kick", None), ("invite", None), ] old_list = current_state.content.get("users", {}) for user in set(list(old_list) + list(user_list)): levels_to_check.append((user, "users")) old_list = current_state.content.get("events", {}) new_list = event.content.get("events", {}) for ev_id in set(list(old_list) + list(new_list)): levels_to_check.append((ev_id, "events")) # MSC2209 specifies these checks should also be done for the "notifications" # key. if room_version_obj.limit_notifications_power_levels: old_list = current_state.content.get("notifications", {}) new_list = event.content.get("notifications", {}) for ev_id in set(list(old_list) + list(new_list)): levels_to_check.append((ev_id, "notifications")) old_state = current_state.content new_state = event.content for level_to_check, dir in levels_to_check: old_loc = old_state new_loc = new_state if dir: old_loc = old_loc.get(dir, {}) new_loc = new_loc.get(dir, {}) if level_to_check in old_loc: old_level: Optional[int] = int(old_loc[level_to_check]) else: old_level = None if level_to_check in new_loc: new_level: Optional[int] = int(new_loc[level_to_check]) else: new_level = None if new_level is not None and old_level is not None: if new_level == old_level: continue if dir == "users" and level_to_check != event.user_id: if old_level == user_level: raise AuthError( 403, "You don't have permission to remove ops level equal " "to your own", ) # Check if the old and new levels are greater than the user level # (if defined) old_level_too_big = old_level is not None and old_level > user_level new_level_too_big = new_level is not None and new_level > user_level if old_level_too_big or new_level_too_big: raise AuthError( 403, "You don't have permission to add ops level greater than your own" ) def get_power_level_event(auth_events: StateMap["EventBase"]) -> Optional["EventBase"]: return auth_events.get((EventTypes.PowerLevels, "")) def get_user_power_level(user_id: str, auth_events: StateMap["EventBase"]) -> int: """Get a user's power level Args: user_id: user's id to look up in power_levels auth_events: state in force at this point in the room (or rather, a subset of it including at least the create event and power levels event. Returns: the user's power level in this room. """ power_level_event = get_power_level_event(auth_events) if power_level_event: level = power_level_event.content.get("users", {}).get(user_id) if level is None: level = power_level_event.content.get("users_default", 0) if level is None: return 0 else: return int(level) else: # if there is no power levels event, the creator gets 100 and everyone # else gets 0. # some things which call this don't pass the create event: hack around # that. key = (EventTypes.Create, "") create_event = auth_events.get(key) if create_event is not None and create_event.content["creator"] == user_id: return 100 else: return 0 def get_named_level(auth_events: StateMap["EventBase"], name: str, default: int) -> int: power_level_event = get_power_level_event(auth_events) if not power_level_event: return default level = power_level_event.content.get(name, None) if level is not None: return int(level) else: return default def _verify_third_party_invite( event: "EventBase", auth_events: StateMap["EventBase"] ) -> bool: """ Validates that the invite event is authorized by a previous third-party invite. Checks that the public key, and keyserver, match those in the third party invite, and that the invite event has a signature issued using that public key. Args: event: The m.room.member join event being validated. auth_events: All relevant previous context events which may be used for authorization decisions. Return: True if the event fulfills the expectations of a previous third party invite event. """ if "third_party_invite" not in event.content: return False if "signed" not in event.content["third_party_invite"]: return False signed = event.content["third_party_invite"]["signed"] for key in {"mxid", "token"}: if key not in signed: return False token = signed["token"] invite_event = auth_events.get((EventTypes.ThirdPartyInvite, token)) if not invite_event: return False if invite_event.sender != event.sender: return False if event.user_id != invite_event.user_id: return False if signed["mxid"] != event.state_key: return False if signed["token"] != token: return False for public_key_object in get_public_keys(invite_event): public_key = public_key_object["public_key"] try: for server, signature_block in signed["signatures"].items(): for key_name in signature_block.keys(): if not key_name.startswith("ed25519:"): continue verify_key = decode_verify_key_bytes( key_name, decode_base64(public_key) ) verify_signed_json(signed, server, verify_key) # We got the public key from the invite, so we know that the # correct server signed the signed bundle. # The caller is responsible for checking that the signing # server has not revoked that public key. return True except (KeyError, SignatureVerifyException): continue return False def get_public_keys(invite_event: "EventBase") -> List[Dict[str, Any]]: public_keys = [] if "public_key" in invite_event.content: o = {"public_key": invite_event.content["public_key"]} if "key_validity_url" in invite_event.content: o["key_validity_url"] = invite_event.content["key_validity_url"] public_keys.append(o) public_keys.extend(invite_event.content.get("public_keys", [])) return public_keys def auth_types_for_event( room_version: RoomVersion, event: Union["EventBase", "EventBuilder"] ) -> Set[Tuple[str, str]]: """Given an event, return a list of (EventType, StateKey) that may be needed to auth the event. The returned list may be a superset of what would actually be required depending on the full state of the room. Used to limit the number of events to fetch from the database to actually auth the event. """ if event.type == EventTypes.Create: return set() auth_types = { (EventTypes.PowerLevels, ""), (EventTypes.Member, event.sender), (EventTypes.Create, ""), } if event.type == EventTypes.Member: membership = event.content["membership"] if membership in [Membership.JOIN, Membership.INVITE, Membership.KNOCK]: auth_types.add((EventTypes.JoinRules, "")) auth_types.add((EventTypes.Member, event.state_key)) if membership == Membership.INVITE: if "third_party_invite" in event.content: key = ( EventTypes.ThirdPartyInvite, event.content["third_party_invite"]["signed"]["token"], ) auth_types.add(key) if room_version.msc3083_join_rules and membership == Membership.JOIN: if EventContentFields.AUTHORISING_USER in event.content: key = ( EventTypes.Member, event.content[EventContentFields.AUTHORISING_USER], ) auth_types.add(key) return auth_types