reverse_proxy.html 29 KB

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  136. <h1 id="using-a-reverse-proxy-with-synapse"><a class="header" href="#using-a-reverse-proxy-with-synapse">Using a reverse proxy with Synapse</a></h1>
  137. <p>It is recommended to put a reverse proxy such as
  138. <a href="https://nginx.org/en/docs/http/ngx_http_proxy_module.html">nginx</a>,
  139. <a href="https://httpd.apache.org/docs/current/mod/mod_proxy_http.html">Apache</a>,
  140. <a href="https://caddyserver.com/docs/quick-starts/reverse-proxy">Caddy</a>,
  141. <a href="https://www.haproxy.org/">HAProxy</a> or
  142. <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/relayd.8">relayd</a> in front of Synapse. One advantage
  143. of doing so is that it means that you can expose the default https port
  144. (443) to Matrix clients without needing to run Synapse with root
  145. privileges.</p>
  146. <p>You should configure your reverse proxy to forward requests to <code>/_matrix</code> or
  147. <code>/_synapse/client</code> to Synapse, and have it set the <code>X-Forwarded-For</code> and
  148. <code>X-Forwarded-Proto</code> request headers.</p>
  149. <p>You should remember that Matrix clients and other Matrix servers do not
  150. necessarily need to connect to your server via the same server name or
  151. port. Indeed, clients will use port 443 by default, whereas servers default to
  152. port 8448. Where these are different, we refer to the 'client port' and the
  153. 'federation port'. See <a href="https://matrix.org/docs/spec/server_server/latest#resolving-server-names">the Matrix
  154. specification</a>
  155. for more details of the algorithm used for federation connections, and
  156. <a href="delegate.html">Delegation</a> for instructions on setting up delegation.</p>
  157. <p><strong>NOTE</strong>: Your reverse proxy must not <code>canonicalise</code> or <code>normalise</code>
  158. the requested URI in any way (for example, by decoding <code>%xx</code> escapes).
  159. Beware that Apache <em>will</em> canonicalise URIs unless you specify
  160. <code>nocanon</code>.</p>
  161. <p>Let's assume that we expect clients to connect to our server at
  162. <code>https://matrix.example.com</code>, and other servers to connect at
  163. <code>https://example.com:8448</code>. The following sections detail the configuration of
  164. the reverse proxy and the homeserver.</p>
  165. <h2 id="homeserver-configuration"><a class="header" href="#homeserver-configuration">Homeserver Configuration</a></h2>
  166. <p>The HTTP configuration will need to be updated for Synapse to correctly record
  167. client IP addresses and generate redirect URLs while behind a reverse proxy. </p>
  168. <p>In <code>homeserver.yaml</code> set <code>x_forwarded: true</code> in the port 8008 section and
  169. consider setting <code>bind_addresses: ['127.0.0.1']</code> so that the server only
  170. listens to traffic on localhost. (Do not change <code>bind_addresses</code> to <code>127.0.0.1</code>
  171. when using a containerized Synapse, as that will prevent it from responding
  172. to proxied traffic.)</p>
  173. <h2 id="reverse-proxy-configuration-examples"><a class="header" href="#reverse-proxy-configuration-examples">Reverse-proxy configuration examples</a></h2>
  174. <p><strong>NOTE</strong>: You only need one of these.</p>
  175. <h3 id="nginx"><a class="header" href="#nginx">nginx</a></h3>
  176. <pre><code>server {
  177. listen 443 ssl http2;
  178. listen [::]:443 ssl http2;
  179. # For the federation port
  180. listen 8448 ssl http2 default_server;
  181. listen [::]:8448 ssl http2 default_server;
  182. server_name matrix.example.com;
  183. location ~* ^(\/_matrix|\/_synapse\/client) {
  184. proxy_pass http://localhost:8008;
  185. proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $remote_addr;
  186. proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto $scheme;
  187. proxy_set_header Host $host;
  188. # Nginx by default only allows file uploads up to 1M in size
  189. # Increase client_max_body_size to match max_upload_size defined in homeserver.yaml
  190. client_max_body_size 50M;
  191. }
  192. }
  193. </code></pre>
  194. <p><strong>NOTE</strong>: Do not add a path after the port in <code>proxy_pass</code>, otherwise nginx will
  195. canonicalise/normalise the URI.</p>
  196. <h3 id="caddy-1"><a class="header" href="#caddy-1">Caddy 1</a></h3>
  197. <pre><code>matrix.example.com {
  198. proxy /_matrix http://localhost:8008 {
  199. transparent
  200. }
  201. proxy /_synapse/client http://localhost:8008 {
  202. transparent
  203. }
  204. }
  205. example.com:8448 {
  206. proxy / http://localhost:8008 {
  207. transparent
  208. }
  209. }
  210. </code></pre>
  211. <h3 id="caddy-2"><a class="header" href="#caddy-2">Caddy 2</a></h3>
  212. <pre><code>matrix.example.com {
  213. reverse_proxy /_matrix/* http://localhost:8008
  214. reverse_proxy /_synapse/client/* http://localhost:8008
  215. }
  216. example.com:8448 {
  217. reverse_proxy http://localhost:8008
  218. }
  219. </code></pre>
  220. <p><a href="delegate.html">Delegation</a> example:</p>
  221. <pre><code>(matrix-well-known-header) {
  222. # Headers
  223. header Access-Control-Allow-Origin &quot;*&quot;
  224. header Access-Control-Allow-Methods &quot;GET, POST, PUT, DELETE, OPTIONS&quot;
  225. header Access-Control-Allow-Headers &quot;Origin, X-Requested-With, Content-Type, Accept, Authorization&quot;
  226. header Content-Type &quot;application/json&quot;
  227. }
  228. example.com {
  229. handle /.well-known/matrix/server {
  230. import matrix-well-known-header
  231. respond `{&quot;m.server&quot;:&quot;matrix.example.com:443&quot;}`
  232. }
  233. handle /.well-known/matrix/client {
  234. import matrix-well-known-header
  235. respond `{&quot;m.homeserver&quot;:{&quot;base_url&quot;:&quot;https://matrix.example.com&quot;},&quot;m.identity_server&quot;:{&quot;base_url&quot;:&quot;https://identity.example.com&quot;}}`
  236. }
  237. }
  238. matrix.example.com {
  239. reverse_proxy /_matrix/* http://localhost:8008
  240. reverse_proxy /_synapse/client/* http://localhost:8008
  241. }
  242. </code></pre>
  243. <h3 id="apache"><a class="header" href="#apache">Apache</a></h3>
  244. <pre><code>&lt;VirtualHost *:443&gt;
  245. SSLEngine on
  246. ServerName matrix.example.com
  247. RequestHeader set &quot;X-Forwarded-Proto&quot; expr=%{REQUEST_SCHEME}
  248. AllowEncodedSlashes NoDecode
  249. ProxyPreserveHost on
  250. ProxyPass /_matrix http://127.0.0.1:8008/_matrix nocanon
  251. ProxyPassReverse /_matrix http://127.0.0.1:8008/_matrix
  252. ProxyPass /_synapse/client http://127.0.0.1:8008/_synapse/client nocanon
  253. ProxyPassReverse /_synapse/client http://127.0.0.1:8008/_synapse/client
  254. &lt;/VirtualHost&gt;
  255. &lt;VirtualHost *:8448&gt;
  256. SSLEngine on
  257. ServerName example.com
  258. RequestHeader set &quot;X-Forwarded-Proto&quot; expr=%{REQUEST_SCHEME}
  259. AllowEncodedSlashes NoDecode
  260. ProxyPass /_matrix http://127.0.0.1:8008/_matrix nocanon
  261. ProxyPassReverse /_matrix http://127.0.0.1:8008/_matrix
  262. &lt;/VirtualHost&gt;
  263. </code></pre>
  264. <p><strong>NOTE</strong>: ensure the <code>nocanon</code> options are included.</p>
  265. <p><strong>NOTE 2</strong>: It appears that Synapse is currently incompatible with the ModSecurity module for Apache (<code>mod_security2</code>). If you need it enabled for other services on your web server, you can disable it for Synapse's two VirtualHosts by including the following lines before each of the two <code>&lt;/VirtualHost&gt;</code> above:</p>
  266. <pre><code>&lt;IfModule security2_module&gt;
  267. SecRuleEngine off
  268. &lt;/IfModule&gt;
  269. </code></pre>
  270. <p><strong>NOTE 3</strong>: Missing <code>ProxyPreserveHost on</code> can lead to a redirect loop.</p>
  271. <h3 id="haproxy"><a class="header" href="#haproxy">HAProxy</a></h3>
  272. <pre><code>frontend https
  273. bind :::443 v4v6 ssl crt /etc/ssl/haproxy/ strict-sni alpn h2,http/1.1
  274. http-request set-header X-Forwarded-Proto https if { ssl_fc }
  275. http-request set-header X-Forwarded-Proto http if !{ ssl_fc }
  276. http-request set-header X-Forwarded-For %[src]
  277. # Matrix client traffic
  278. acl matrix-host hdr(host) -i matrix.example.com
  279. acl matrix-path path_beg /_matrix
  280. acl matrix-path path_beg /_synapse/client
  281. use_backend matrix if matrix-host matrix-path
  282. frontend matrix-federation
  283. bind :::8448 v4v6 ssl crt /etc/ssl/haproxy/synapse.pem alpn h2,http/1.1
  284. http-request set-header X-Forwarded-Proto https if { ssl_fc }
  285. http-request set-header X-Forwarded-Proto http if !{ ssl_fc }
  286. http-request set-header X-Forwarded-For %[src]
  287. default_backend matrix
  288. backend matrix
  289. server matrix 127.0.0.1:8008
  290. </code></pre>
  291. <h3 id="relayd"><a class="header" href="#relayd">Relayd</a></h3>
  292. <pre><code>table &lt;webserver&gt; { 127.0.0.1 }
  293. table &lt;matrixserver&gt; { 127.0.0.1 }
  294. http protocol &quot;https&quot; {
  295. tls { no tlsv1.0, ciphers &quot;HIGH&quot; }
  296. tls keypair &quot;example.com&quot;
  297. match header set &quot;X-Forwarded-For&quot; value &quot;$REMOTE_ADDR&quot;
  298. match header set &quot;X-Forwarded-Proto&quot; value &quot;https&quot;
  299. # set CORS header for .well-known/matrix/server, .well-known/matrix/client
  300. # httpd does not support setting headers, so do it here
  301. match request path &quot;/.well-known/matrix/*&quot; tag &quot;matrix-cors&quot;
  302. match response tagged &quot;matrix-cors&quot; header set &quot;Access-Control-Allow-Origin&quot; value &quot;*&quot;
  303. pass quick path &quot;/_matrix/*&quot; forward to &lt;matrixserver&gt;
  304. pass quick path &quot;/_synapse/client/*&quot; forward to &lt;matrixserver&gt;
  305. # pass on non-matrix traffic to webserver
  306. pass forward to &lt;webserver&gt;
  307. }
  308. relay &quot;https_traffic&quot; {
  309. listen on egress port 443 tls
  310. protocol &quot;https&quot;
  311. forward to &lt;matrixserver&gt; port 8008 check tcp
  312. forward to &lt;webserver&gt; port 8080 check tcp
  313. }
  314. http protocol &quot;matrix&quot; {
  315. tls { no tlsv1.0, ciphers &quot;HIGH&quot; }
  316. tls keypair &quot;example.com&quot;
  317. block
  318. pass quick path &quot;/_matrix/*&quot; forward to &lt;matrixserver&gt;
  319. pass quick path &quot;/_synapse/client/*&quot; forward to &lt;matrixserver&gt;
  320. }
  321. relay &quot;matrix_federation&quot; {
  322. listen on egress port 8448 tls
  323. protocol &quot;matrix&quot;
  324. forward to &lt;matrixserver&gt; port 8008 check tcp
  325. }
  326. </code></pre>
  327. <h2 id="health-check-endpoint"><a class="header" href="#health-check-endpoint">Health check endpoint</a></h2>
  328. <p>Synapse exposes a health check endpoint for use by reverse proxies.
  329. Each configured HTTP listener has a <code>/health</code> endpoint which always returns
  330. 200 OK (and doesn't get logged).</p>
  331. <h2 id="synapse-administration-endpoints"><a class="header" href="#synapse-administration-endpoints">Synapse administration endpoints</a></h2>
  332. <p>Endpoints for administering your Synapse instance are placed under
  333. <code>/_synapse/admin</code>. These require authentication through an access token of an
  334. admin user. However as access to these endpoints grants the caller a lot of power,
  335. we do not recommend exposing them to the public internet without good reason.</p>
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