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- <h1 id="setting-up-federation"><a class="header" href="#setting-up-federation">Setting up federation</a></h1>
- <p>Federation is the process by which users on different servers can participate
- in the same room. For this to work, those other servers must be able to contact
- yours to send messages.</p>
- <p>The <code>server_name</code> configured in the Synapse configuration file (often
- <code>homeserver.yaml</code>) defines how resources (users, rooms, etc.) will be
- identified (eg: <code>@user:example.com</code>, <code>#room:example.com</code>). By default,
- it is also the domain that other servers will use to try to reach your
- server (via port 8448). This is easy to set up and will work provided
- you set the <code>server_name</code> to match your machine's public DNS hostname.</p>
- <p>For this default configuration to work, you will need to listen for TLS
- connections on port 8448. The preferred way to do that is by using a
- reverse proxy: see <a href="reverse_proxy.html">the reverse proxy documentation</a> for instructions
- on how to correctly set one up.</p>
- <p>In some cases you might not want to run Synapse on the machine that has
- the <code>server_name</code> as its public DNS hostname, or you might want federation
- traffic to use a different port than 8448. For example, you might want to
- have your user names look like <code>@user:example.com</code>, but you want to run
- Synapse on <code>synapse.example.com</code> on port 443. This can be done using
- delegation, which allows an admin to control where federation traffic should
- be sent. See <a href="delegate.html">the delegation documentation</a> for instructions on how to set this up.</p>
- <p>Once federation has been configured, you should be able to join a room over
- federation. A good place to start is <code>#synapse:matrix.org</code> - a room for
- Synapse admins.</p>
- <h2 id="troubleshooting"><a class="header" href="#troubleshooting">Troubleshooting</a></h2>
- <p>You can use the <a href="https://matrix.org/federationtester">federation tester</a>
- to check if your homeserver is configured correctly. Alternatively try the
- <a href="https://matrix.org/federationtester/api/report?server_name=DOMAIN">JSON API used by the federation tester</a>.
- Note that you'll have to modify this URL to replace <code>DOMAIN</code> with your
- <code>server_name</code>. Hitting the API directly provides extra detail.</p>
- <p>The typical failure mode for federation is that when the server tries to join
- a room, it is rejected with "401: Unauthorized". Generally this means that other
- servers in the room could not access yours. (Joining a room over federation is
- a complicated dance which requires connections in both directions).</p>
- <p>Another common problem is that people on other servers can't join rooms that
- you invite them to. This can be caused by an incorrectly-configured reverse
- proxy: see <a href="reverse_proxy.html">the reverse proxy documentation</a> for instructions on how
- to correctly configure a reverse proxy.</p>
- <h3 id="known-issues"><a class="header" href="#known-issues">Known issues</a></h3>
- <p><strong>HTTP <code>308 Permanent Redirect</code> redirects are not followed</strong>: Due to missing features
- in the HTTP library used by Synapse, 308 redirects are currently not followed by
- federating servers, which can cause <code>M_UNKNOWN</code> or <code>401 Unauthorized</code> errors. This
- may affect users who are redirecting apex-to-www (e.g. <code>example.com</code> -> <code>www.example.com</code>),
- and especially users of the Kubernetes <em>Nginx Ingress</em> module, which uses 308 redirect
- codes by default. For those Kubernetes users, <a href="https://stackoverflow.com/a/52617528/5096871">this Stackoverflow post</a>
- might be helpful. For other users, switching to a <code>301 Moved Permanently</code> code may be
- an option. 308 redirect codes will be supported properly in a future
- release of Synapse.</p>
- <h2 id="running-a-demo-federation-of-synapses"><a class="header" href="#running-a-demo-federation-of-synapses">Running a demo federation of Synapses</a></h2>
- <p>If you want to get up and running quickly with a trio of homeservers in a
- private federation, there is a script in the <code>demo</code> directory. This is mainly
- useful just for development purposes. See
- <a href="https://matrix-org.github.io/synapse/develop/development/demo.html">demo scripts</a>.</p>
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