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keyboard 4.4 KB

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  1. .TH KEYBOARD 6
  2. .SH NAME
  3. keyboard \- how to type characters
  4. .SH DESCRIPTION
  5. Keyboards are idiosyncratic.
  6. It should be obvious how to type ordinary
  7. .SM ASCII
  8. characters,
  9. backspace, tab, escape, and newline.
  10. In Plan 9, the key labeled
  11. .B Return
  12. or
  13. .B Enter
  14. generates a newline
  15. .RB ( 0x0A );
  16. if there is a key labeled
  17. .B Line
  18. .BR Feed ,
  19. it generates a carriage return
  20. .RB ( 0x0D );
  21. Plan 9 eschews CRLFs.
  22. All control characters are typed in the usual way;
  23. in particular, control-J is a line feed and control-M a carriage return.
  24. On the PC and some other machines, the key labeled
  25. .B Caps
  26. .B Lock
  27. acts as an additional control key,
  28. and the key labeled
  29. .B End
  30. acts a line feed key.
  31. .PP
  32. The delete character
  33. .RB ( 0x7F )
  34. may be generated by a different key,
  35. one near the extreme upper right of the keyboard.
  36. On the Next it is the key labeled
  37. .L *
  38. (not the asterisk above the 8).
  39. On the SLC and Sparcstation 2, delete is labeled
  40. .B Num
  41. .B Lock
  42. (the key above
  43. .B Backspace
  44. labeled
  45. .B Delete
  46. functions as an additional backspace key).
  47. On the other keyboards, the key labeled
  48. .B Del
  49. or
  50. .B Delete
  51. generates the delete character.
  52. .PP
  53. The view character
  54. .RB ( 0x80 ),
  55. used by
  56. .IR rio (1),
  57. .IR acme (1),
  58. and
  59. .IR sam (1),
  60. causes windows to scroll forward.
  61. It is generally somewhere near the lower right of the main key area.
  62. The scroll character is generated by the
  63. .B VIEW
  64. key on the Gnot, the
  65. .B Alt
  66. .B Graph
  67. key on the SLC, and the arrow key ↓
  68. on the other terminals.
  69. As a convenience for sloppy typists, some programs interpret → and ← keys,
  70. which lie on either side of ↓, as view keys as well.
  71. The arrow key ↑ scrolls backward.
  72. .PP
  73. Characters in Plan 9 are runes (see
  74. .IR utf (6)).
  75. Any 16-bit rune can be typed using a compose key followed by several
  76. other keys.
  77. The compose key is also generally near the lower right of the main key area:
  78. the
  79. .B NUM PAD
  80. key on the Gnot, the
  81. .B Alternate
  82. key on the Next, the
  83. .B Compose
  84. key on the SLC, the
  85. .B Option
  86. key on the Magnum, and either
  87. .B Alt
  88. key on the PC.
  89. After typing the compose key, type a capital
  90. .L X
  91. and exactly four hexadecimal characters (digits and
  92. .L a
  93. to
  94. .LR f )
  95. to type a single rune with the value represented by
  96. the typed number.
  97. There are shorthands for many characters, comprising
  98. the compose key followed by a two- or three-character sequence.
  99. There are several rules guiding the design of the sequences, as
  100. illustrated by the following examples.
  101. The full list is too long to repeat here, but is contained in the file
  102. .L /lib/keyboard
  103. in a format suitable for
  104. .IR grep (1)
  105. or
  106. .IR look (1).
  107. .IP
  108. A repeated symbol gives a variant of that symbol, e.g.,
  109. .B ??
  110. yields ¿\|.
  111. .IP
  112. .SM ASCII
  113. digraphs for mathematical operators give the corresponding operator, e.g.,
  114. .B <=
  115. yields ≤.
  116. .IP
  117. Two letters give the corresponding ligature, e.g.,
  118. .B AE
  119. yields Æ.
  120. .IP
  121. Mathematical and other symbols are given by abbreviations for their names, e.g.,
  122. .B pg
  123. yields ¶.
  124. .IP
  125. Chess pieces are given by a
  126. .B w
  127. or
  128. .B b
  129. followed by a letter for the piece
  130. .RB ( k
  131. for king,
  132. .B q
  133. for queen,
  134. .B r
  135. for rook,
  136. .B n
  137. for knight,
  138. .B b
  139. for bishop, or
  140. .B p
  141. for pawn),
  142. e.g.,
  143. .B wk
  144. for a white king.
  145. .IP
  146. Greek letters are given by an asterisk followed by a corresponding latin letter,
  147. e.g.,
  148. .B *d
  149. yields δ.
  150. .IP
  151. Cyrillic letters are given by an at sign followed by a corresponding latin letter or letters,
  152. e.g.,
  153. .B @ya
  154. yields я.
  155. .IP
  156. Script letters are given by a dollar sign followed by the corresponding regular letter,
  157. e.g.,
  158. .B $F
  159. yields ℱ.
  160. .IP
  161. A digraph of a symbol followed by a letter gives the letter with an accent that looks like the symbol, e.g.,
  162. .B ,c
  163. yields ç.
  164. .IP
  165. Two digits give the fraction with that numerator and denominator, e.g.,
  166. .B 12
  167. yields ½.
  168. .IP
  169. The letter s followed by a character gives that character as a superscript, e.g.,
  170. .B s1
  171. yields ⁱ.
  172. These characters are taken from the Unicode block 0x2070; the 1, 2, and 3
  173. superscripts in the Latin-1 block are available by using a capital S instead of s.
  174. .IP
  175. Sometimes a pair of characters give a symbol related to the superimposition of the characters, e.g.,
  176. .B cO
  177. yields ©.
  178. .IP
  179. A mnemonic letter followed by $ gives a currency symbol, e.g.,
  180. .B l$
  181. yields £.
  182. .PP
  183. Note the difference between ß (ss) and µ (micron) and
  184. the Greek β and μ.
  185. .SH FILES
  186. .TF "/lib/keyboard "
  187. .TP
  188. .B /lib/keyboard
  189. sorted table of characters and keyboard sequences
  190. .SH "SEE ALSO"
  191. .IR intro (1),
  192. .IR ascii (1),
  193. .IR tcs (1),
  194. .IR acme (1),
  195. .IR rio (1),
  196. .IR sam (1),
  197. .IR cons (3),
  198. .IR utf (6)